Parher is a manufacturer of custom and standard fittings

Parher is a manufacturer of custom and standard fittings. Includes forged steel fitting, stainless steel fitting, hydraulic fitting, welding fitting, pipe welding, pipe, steam pipe, pump, and tube fittings. Also includes stainless steel ball valves, weld couplings, hydraulic flange adapters other solutions for hydraulic plumbing requirements. Materials include carbon stainless steel with zinc dichromate plating. Optional seal materials available for extreme temperature applications and fluid compatibility.
We have high-quality hydraulic fittings service. Full range of products for you to choose the right components.

Parker hose and fittings

Parker hose and fittings in all aspects of industrial and commercial wealth of combined experience in the hydraulic hose business. parher as a productive hose, hose fittings, and custom hose assemblies suppliers and distributors of high quality equipment and technology to produce at specialized products to meet your application needs. Hoses and hose connector are widely applied to all walks of life.
You can simply send your CAD drawings via email to give us a prompt and accurate quotes. Has over one million feet of hoses and accessories in stock for immediate delivery, the United States hose is well equipped to meet and exceed all hoses, demand hose fittings, hose fittings and custom processing and assembly.

The metal hydraulic hose

Conveying the metal hydraulic hose is the core element of a variety of fluid pipe fittings, nature of their work is played compensation in connection with the pipe conduit, pipe and hydraulic hose machine, facilities and equipment between. With its curved metal hose immunity to make up piping system caused by the installation of positional deviation, to take two off work contacts very desired relative displacement. In some piping system, it also plays a vibration, eliminating the role of noise.
In the complex piping system, there are often due to space constraints position condition, causing difficulties installation work, forming a tube not loaded up, bend over, is over, put something makeshift pipe, will be impossible to avoid the generation of local cold correction. Depending on the specific circumstances of the pipe diameter and the scene, cold correction amount from a few millimeters to tens of millimeters, some up to hundreds of millimeters. Practice has proved that the larger the volume, the higher the internal stress, these residual stresses in the piping system installation is undoubtedly a great risk. Since the hydraulic hose adapters can be bent and curved bend radius at rated conditions of internal stress generated by small, so it can bring great convenience to installation work for the safe operation of the pipeline system have an effect. This is the main reason some metal hose piping systems must be used.

Hydraulic support various monoblock hydraulic valves life is very low

Hydraulic support various monoblock hydraulic valves life is very low, foreign ways and means to solve is to improve the precision filtration system and improving the quality of the emulsion, but with little success. This paper analyzes the development process Sealing valve stent, discusses the relationship Sealing materials and sealing performance. Pointed out sealing technology is the key to the hydraulic valve stainless steel fitting support life improved.
hydraulic hose machine to achieve stepless (speed range up to 2000) in a wide range, it can be in the process of running speed.hydraulic drive easily automated, because of its fluid pressure, flow, or flow direction is easy to adjust or control reasons.

hose crimping machine is all metal connector supporting force

hose crimping machine is all metal connector supporting force exerted by hose crimping machine shut mold firmly withhold its support on the rubber hose. Hydraulic rubber hose assembly has been a lot of other industries have widely adopted almost everywhere. wire braided hose Use face increasingly wide hose crimping machines , demand is also increasing . So now not only requires hose crimping machine with high precision, high efficiency , and can withhold a variety of forms , wire diameter and various layers of the elbow, flange, high pressure, large diameter hose assembly. So the hose crimping machine made ​​more stringent requirements.
Hose crimping machine is a tube assemblies for hydraulic crimping device , it will by supporting the contractile force exerted by the metal connector hose crimping machine mold , the metal connector firmly withheld in the supporting construction machinery with high-pressure tubing or car on the brake pipe , oil pipe , air conditioning tubes, power tubes . Hose crimping machine is suitable for all types of machinery high and low pressure tubing, pipe , plumbing , cable connectors, automotive air conditioning pipes, power steering pipe , oil pipe , gasoline for tubing, and construction accessories , household hot water pipe withhold , widely used in vehicles, metric pipe thread engineering machinery , hydraulic machinery , welding equipment and other industries.

Steel wire braided hose features

Steel wire braided hose features
1. Hose special selection made with synthetic rubber, has excellent oil resistance, heat aging resistance.
2. Hose bearing pressure, pulse superior performance.
3. tube linked closely together, use a soft, small deformation under pressure.
4. Hose has an excellent resistance around the song and fatigue resistance.
5. The length of the large wire braided hydraulic hose, φ32 length of more than 20 meters, φ25 the following may be even more than ten meters or even meters.
Temperature: Oil -40 ℃ - + 100 ℃, air -30 ℃ - + 50 ℃, less water emulsion + 80 ℃, please use the factory beyond the specific products.

Liquid difference

The most notable difference is that the hydraulic pressure is big amazing, hydraulic tubing suddenly burst oil impact is very large.
Certainly can not be used to replace conventional joint special fittings, hydraulic pressure is needed because under great pressure, ordinary pressure up to 0.5 have been dying, being, our jic hydraulic fittings technology compared to foreign say, or have gaps, so the friend you want to interact more hydraulic sector develop China's own hydraulic fittings technology.

Classification of hydraulic hose fittings quick connector

Classification of metric hydraulic hose fittings quick connector
Quick Bsp fitting (both ends open-closed)
After the tube open, self-sealing, fluid in the pipeline will not be lost, and therefore suitable for frequent removal applications. More complex structure, local resistance losses. Suitable for oil, gas pipeline system for the medium, the work pressure is lower than 31.5MPa, medium temperature -20 ~ 80 ℃

Quick couplers (open at both ends)

Suitable for oil, gas pipeline system for the medium, the working pressure of the hose coupling medium temperature is defined by

Hydraulic piping layout requirements

Hydraulic piping layout requirements
(1) hydraulic hose lines to try to avoid the heat radiation and cooling water temperature is too high or too low spray and other place, particularly hose fittings;
(2) hose fittings piping should not affect the operation of the host and other equipment, to be safe, reliable, easy to work, observations, maintenance;
(3) To smooth vertical and horizontal piping, neat appearance. Minimize the turn or small angle bend, using a large arc, thus reducing the oil flow resistance;
When the conflict (4) Installation occurs, tubules allow bassoon, low-pressure pipe so that high-pressure pipe;
(5) pipeline crossing each other can not be contacted, should be spaced apart;
(6) parallel pipe joints to stagger installation so as not to affect the installation and removal;
(7) To facilitate disassembly and cleaning pipes, unions should be properly installed, but to use less, reducing the possibility of leakage.

Installation Precautions high pressure hose fittings

Installation Precautions high pressure hose fittings

(1) hydraulic hose in motion or stationary, can not excessive bending, it can not be bent in the roots, at least to begin bending at 1.5 times its diameter;
(2) moving the hose must not pull too tight, it should be more relaxed when the extreme position;
(3) try to avoid the hose twisting deformation;
(4) hose as far as possible away from the heat radiating member, fashion necessary insulation boards;
(5) Avoid hose external damage, such as using the same long-term friction surface of the member;
(6) If the hose caused by excessive weight deformation, should support members.

Hose Fittings

hose fittings is a modern industrial pipeline in a high quality flexible pipe. It is mainly from the bellows, nets and connector components. Its inner tube is a spiral or annular thin-walled stainless steel bellows, bellows outer nets, is made of stainless steel wire or steel woven according to certain parameters. Connector or flange ends of the hose fittings r mating pipe flanges client. Bellows hose is extremely thin-walled stainless steel seamless or welded steel pipe through all the machining precision plastic molding. Because of the elastic properties of the bellows profile determines the hose has good flexibility and fatigue resistance, making it very easy to absorb various sports deformed cyclic loading, particularly the ability to compensate for a large amount of displacement in the piping system. Visual media (JKS), process automation.

Once the hydraulic system leak

Hydraulic system leakage is a common hydraulic machines breakdown phenomenon, especially in the more serious crane parts hydraulic systems, mainly due to a pressure difference of the liquid flow in the hydraulic adapter fittings and the components and piping when there is a gap caused by the leak. In addition, poor working conditions will have a certain impact on the crane seal. Once the hydraulic system leak, the pressure will cause the system not be set up, hydraulic oil leak will cause environmental pollution, affecting the production and even have serious consequences incalculable. Here some of the impact of the project for a hydraulic system leak factors to simply talk about the leakage causes and countermeasures.

Steel wire braided hose Model implication

Steel wire braided hose Model implication
Steel wire braided hydraulic hose and hose assemblies
Two, three wire braided hydraulic hose bracket Model are represented RB2-6.3,8,10,12.5,16,19,25,31.5,38,51; RB3-6.3,8,10,12.5,16,19 , 25,31.5,38,51.
Model meaning: R- hose; B- weave; 2 / 3- layer; 6.3-51 nominal diameter.
Two, three wire braided hydraulic hose assembly bracket model represents KJRB2-6.3,8,10,12.5,16,19,25,31.5,38,51; KJRB3-6.3,8,10,12.5,16,19, 25,31.5,38,51.
Model meaning: KJ- hose assemblies; R- hose; B- weave; 2 / 3- layer; 6.3-51 nominal diameter.

Hydraulic fittings in the assembly

Hydraulic fittings in the assembly should put an end to the brutal operation, if excessive force will make parts deformation, especially the use of copper and other beat the cylinder, sealing flanges and the like; parts before assembly to deal carefully examined, the assembly should be dipped in a little hydraulic adapter fittings oil, lightly pressed into use when cleaning diesel, especially seals, dust ring, O-ring and other rubber components, if gasoline is making it easy to aging lose their elasticity, thus losing the sealing performance.

Control processing quality hydraulic parts to prevent leakage from occurring

Control processing quality hydraulic fittings to prevent leakage from occurring.
(1) The difference between the cylinder hydraulic cylinder manufacturing quality, the new fuel tank leakage occurs, such as when machining the cylinder bore barrel (card keyway) chamfered keyway in card processing chamfers on both sides of the hole does not comply with the provisions of the drawings and greater than 20 °, when assembling the cylinder, first two holes on the piston seals caused by internal leakage cards injury, followed by the guide sleeve in the assembly, put the outer diameter of the O-ring seal fixed cut off one piece fitting or half ring, which gives the oil spill in the use of buried hidden dangers. When installed on a system device has some backpressure over a period of time the oil temperature reaches 50-60 ℃, it began to leak from the front cylinder.
(2) when the piston rod end chamfering, such as using the conventional 45 ° chamfer, guide sleeve mounted to the cylinder will make the O-ring card is broken. The use of 20 °, in the assembly will not be cut O-ring, which is the main measures to prevent leakage of hydraulic components.

Steel wire braided hose uses

Steel wire braided hose uses
Wire reinforced rubber hydraulic hose is mainly used for mine hydraulic support, oil exploitation, suitable for construction, material handling, forging metallurgy, mining equipment, ships, injection molding machinery, agricultural machinery, machine tools and various industrial sectors mechanization and automation of hydraulic petroleum-based system has a certain pressure and temperature (such as mineral oil, soluble oil, hydraulic oil, fuel oil, lubricants) fluids, water-based liquid (such as emulsion, oil-water emulsion, water), gas and liquid transmission use.

Parher American Hydraulic Adapter widely used in engineering machinery

Parher american hydraulic adapter widely used in engineering machinery, agricultural machinery, hydraulic system control, mainly by controlling the opening and closing valves to control the flow of hydraulic fluid to the hydraulic machines direction control the mechanical action. The main sub-manual control, electrical control and pressure control and other types. Most of the domestic agricultural machinery is manual control and mechanical control distributor, imported a large majority of agricultural machinery and excavators for the electric control distributor. Automatic transmission lever is manually automobile distributor control valve.

High temperature steam hose

Use: for conveying 165 ℃ ~ 220 ℃ saturated steam or hot water for the steam cleaner, steam hammer, vulcanizing machines and injection molding machines and other equipment for the flexible piping hot.
Features: inside and outside teflon hose layer are made of synthetic rubber, excellent heat resistance, the manifold block tube has a soft, lightweight, flexible, high heat resistance characteristics.
The above products refer HG/T3036-99 standard length of 20 meters. According to the requirements of production of large diameter (φ102mm less) and small-caliber (φ6mm above) steel wire braided steam hose, high pressure hose and φ13mm above specifications cloth steam hose, ultra-high temperature (260 ℃) corrosion-resistant PTFE pressure hose .

Cutting nozzle tip height is the end to reusable fitting

Cutting nozzle tip height is the end to reusable fitting be cut from the workpiece surface. The distance is generally 4 ~ 10mm. It is the same with the electrode within the shrinkage, the distance to the right in order to give full
waving plasma arc cutting efficiency, otherwise it would cutting efficiency and cutting quality or the torch burn.
All of the above factors directly bsp fittings affect the compression effect of the plasma arc, that is, the temperature affect the plasma arc and the energy density, and high-temperature plasma arc, high energy resolution set the cutting speed, so the above factors were associated with the cutting speed. Ensure the cutting quality of the premise, should be possible to improve the cutting speed. This is not only mention high productivity, and can reduce the amount of deformation of parts cut kerf area and heat affected zones. If the cutting speed is inappropriate, the opposite effect, but will also increase split flanges the sticky residue, cutting quality.

A miniature gantry hydraulic testing machine

Desktop engraving machine cutting machine consists evolved shape resembling the work bench fitted with a miniature gantry hydraulic testing machine, sheet cutting in areas such equipment has a great advantage,
Is widely used in advertising and automotive sheet metal industries.
Gantry CNC cutting machine that is the traditional double bottom frame beams and medium-sized machine tool holder vertical structure, span and vertical walking distance, suitable for large sheet metal processing.
Cantilever CNC Cutting Machine is a classic mechanical structure, a single base at one end connected with the beam, the beam torch lateral movement, such devices suitable for small sheet metal processing.
Robot cutting machine is developed abroad in recent years, a new type of cutting machine, its installation in a robotic arm torch, there are operations to achieve multi-axis CNC system can process three-dimensional
Shaped workpiece, to achieve 3D cutting, such equipment technical complexity, high cost, domestic equipment mainly from imports.
CNC intersection Cutting belongs to special cutting machine, its special structure dedicated to cutting pipes and cylindrical shapes, the current domestic production factory itself is not much, nor demand
Large.
Portable cutting machine is a semi-automatic skiving machine car evolved, in the car on the installation of cutting machine CNC system and transmission, the basic shape and Trolley

Cutting hose fittings quality directly affects the stability

Plasma arc cutting hose fittings quality directly affects the stability of the plasma arc instability will lead to cuts uneven buildup and other defects, can lead to
The control system related to reduced life components, nozzles, frequent replacement of the electrode. For this phenomenon, analyze and propose solutions.
1 pressure is too low
Plasma cutting machine work, such as working pressure is far below the required specification pressure, which means that the ejection velocity plasma arc weakened, input air flow
Is less than the predetermined value, this time can not form a high energy, high speed plasma arc, resulting in poor cut quality, not cut through, cut buildup phenomenon. Insufficient air pressure of the original
Due to: lack of input air compressor, air regulator valve regulator cutting hydraulic machines is too low, the solenoid valve within the oil, gas path is not smooth and so on.
The workaround is to use the former to observe compressor output pressure display, if not met, adjust the pressure or compressor overhaul. If the input air pressure has reached the required, You should check the air filter regulator adjusted correctly, gauge display can meet the cutting requirements. Otherwise deal with air filter regulator routine maintenance, indeed Paul input air dry, no oil. If you enter the air quality is poor, it will cause the solenoid valve to generate oil, valve open difficulties valve port can not be fully opened. Furthermore,Torch nozzle pressure is too low, the need to replace the solenoid valve; pneumatic smaller cross-section can also cause pressure is too low, according to the specification requirements replace the trachea.
2 pressure is too high

British interlock hose fittings producers

hose fittings

British interlock hose fittings producers are the United Kingdom, specifically for pressurized hydraulic hoses and convergence. hydraulic adaptors have a lot of material, the material of the advantages and disadvantages of each are different. flat seal metric hydraulic fittings are made of metal but also of special materials, comparatively speaking, bsp multiseal fitting is a new material, the advantage is obvious

Threaded metal hose connector termination

DPJ externally threaded metal hose connector termination is JB / GQ0552-83 D95-5 metal connector extension products. Metal joints made of zinc alloy die-casting, zinc plated, brushed or chrome; compact, non-porous, high strength. And metal hose connection is reliable, beautiful appearance. This termination type metal connector is used to connect to the line metal hose connector on the box. Adapter metal hose: JS type, JSH type, JSB type, JSHG type. Recommended use imperial or metric threaded metric hydraulic hose fittings metal fittings.

A complete hydraulic system consists of five parts

A complete hydraulic machines consists of five parts, namely, power components, actuators, control components, auxiliary components and hydraulic oil. The role of dynamic components of the original motivation of the mechanical energy into fluid pressure energy, refers to the hydraulic hose of pumps, which provides power to the entire hydraulic system. Design of the hydraulic pump gears are generally pumps, vane pumps and piston pumps. Action actuators (such as hydraulic cylinders and hydraulic motors) is the pressure of the liquid can be converted to mechanical energy to drive the load for a linear reciprocating motion or rotary motion.

hydraulic adapter drawbacks

Hydraulic adaptors drawbacks:
(1) it is a hydraulic transmission fluid as the working medium, the relative motion between the surface there is inevitably leak, while the liquid but not absolutely incompressible, it would be inappropriate in the case of the transmission ratio demanding use.
(2) hydraulic hose adapters with more energy loss in the course of their work, such as friction loss, leakage losses, it is not appropriate for long-distance transmission.
(3) Hydraulic system sensitive to changes in oil temperature, oil temperature changes affect the stability of the movement. Thus, at low and high temperature conditions, the use of hydraulic drive there are certain difficulties.
(4) In order to reduce leakage, manufacture of high precision hydraulic components and therefore high manufacturing costs of hydraulic components, but also more sensitive to oil pollution.

Hydraulic equipment hydraulic drive advantages

Hydraulic machines hydraulic drive advantages:
1) in the same volume, pipe bender hydraulic device can produce more power than the electrical device, because bender hydraulic pressure in the system may be larger than the 30 to 40 times the magnetic armature field. Under the same power, volume bender hydraulic device is small, light weight, compact structure.
2) The hydraulic device work is relatively stable. Because of the light weight, small inertia, fast response, easy to implement hydraulics pipe bender quick start, braking and frequent commutation.
3) hydraulic hose machine to achieve stepless (speed range up to 2000) in a wide range, it can be in the process of running speed.
4) hydraulic drive easily automated, because of its fluid pressure, flow, or flow direction is easy to adjust or control reasons.
5) bending machine hydraulic device easy to implement overload protection.
6) Since the pipe bender hydraulic components have been designed to achieve standardization, serialization and generalization, bending machine hydraulic systems are relatively easy to manufacture and use.
7) with a bending machine hydraulic drive to achieve linear motion than by simple mechanical transmission.

Hydraulic pump parts advantages and disadvantages

Pump hydraulic adaptors main rotor, stator vanes, valve plate, pump and shaft and other parts, vane pump is closed by means of a volume change to realize blots and rows, vane pumps can be divided into single-acting and double-acting vane pump vanes.
Advantages of the hydraulic pump parts in hydraulic machines: uniform flow, smooth operation, low noise, small size, light weight. Mianshaozhuanji vane pump hydraulic pump parts Disadvantages: working pressure is not high, medium and low pump generally 8MP, the widespread use of pumps and can be reached 25-30MP; poor vane pump dirt capacity, complex manufacturing process, in addition to single-action blade Pump reason the imbalance, so the short-lived.

British interlock hose fittings Composition

Interlock Hose Fittings at both ends by the joint body, one-way valve spool, jackets, balls, springs and seals and other components. A hose connector body cavity has a one-way valve, when the two connector body separate from the one-way valve spool in the respective spring overhang, and top pressure on the tapered hole of the connector housing, so that path close , oil on both sides of the inner tube is enclosed in the tube can not flow; when the two connector body connecting the two rams touching the front of the check valve spool, spool forced to leave the conical hole of the connector housing, the inner sides of the tube oil interlinked, two steel ball locking connector body, work, housing under spring pressure of the U-shaped groove in the ball joint bodies, the joint body connection.
These connectors facilitate the demolition, but the structure is more complex, local resistance to greater losses for oil and gas pipeline system for the medium.

Hydraulic hose storage Precautions

Wire braided hydraulic hose storage Precautions
1, hydraulic hose on the physical conditions of storage, the general physical condition of the problem will appear, whether compression, tension, deformation, pierced sharp objects, or whether it is because the stack can cause the objects collide bending condition.
2, surviving from the time point of view, if you are stored in a warehouse for a long time, do not look at his features is durable, but expensive items can not withstand the loss of time. We want the market to check the rubber tube problem, for it marked a lubricant, a good place to store the time.
3, from temperature and moderate point of view, people's living environment should be moderate, while the rubber tube no exception, although it has characteristics of heat-cold, but it is limited in that it can survive temperatures warm in the recommended temperature 10 between 25 degrees and humidity do not exceed 65% for the best.

High pressure steel wire braided hose structure and use

High pressure steel wire braided hose structure and use:
Mainly by liquid resistant synthetic rubber inner layer, middle layer, 1,2,3 layer steel wire braid, weather-resistant synthetic rubber outer layer, the inner layer has a transmission medium under pressure to protect wire from erosion the role of the outer layer to protect wire from damage, wire reinforcing material layer is from the enhancement. High-voltage wire braided hydraulic hose used hydraulic support the mine, oil field exploitation, suitable for construction, material handling, forging metallurgy, mining equipment, ships, injection molding machinery, agricultural machinery, machine tools and various industrial sectors mechanization and automation of hydraulic systems in petroleum-based transport a certain pressure and temperature (such as mineral oil, soluble oil, hydraulic oil, fuel oil, lubricants) and water-based liquid (such as emulsion, oil-water emulsion, water) and transmission fluid use.

The features of wire reinforced hydraulic hose

The features of wire reinforced hydraulic hose
1. Hose special selection made with synthetic rubber, has excellent oil resistance, heat aging resistance.
2. Hose bearing pressure, pulse superior performance.
3. tube linked closely together, use a soft, small deformation under pressure.
4. Hose has an excellent resistance around the song and fatigue resistance.
5. The length of the large steel wire braided hose Temperature: Oil -40 ℃ - + 100 ℃, air -30 ℃ - + 50 ℃, less water emulsion + 80 ℃, please use the factory beyond specific products., φ32 more than 20 meters in length, φ25 the following can be even more than ten meters or even meters.

Wire braided hydraulic hose is widely used

Wire braided hydraulic hose is mainly used for mine hydraulic support, oil exploitation, suitable for construction, material handling, forging metallurgy, mining equipment, ships, injection molding machinery, agricultural machinery, machine tools and various industrial sectors mechanization and automation of hydraulic hose petroleum-based system has a certain pressure and temperature (such as mineral oil, soluble oil, hydraulic oil, fuel oil, lubricants) fluids, water-based liquid (such as emulsion, oil-water emulsion, water), gas and liquid transmission use.

Swivel female swivel adapter for various sizes of adapter.

Female swivel adapter for various sizes of adapter.
Parallel thread metric adapters. It made of steel, in line with BS 5200, having a zinc yellow chromate surface to provide high corrosion resistance (500 hours salt spray test). All adapters have a working temperature range of -40 to + 120 ° C (for plug -3 to + 120°C). 60°inclusive cone makes these adapters an ideal port fitting for our various types of BSP reusable fittings and crimped hose assemblies together.

Introduction swivel nut adapter

Introduction swivel nut metric adapters
Straight BSP internal threads of male parallel threads adapter.：
Parkers K Series adapters manufactured in accordance with BS5200 standards and are designed for use with BSP seal hose rotary connector. Parkers K4 adapters can be used with Parker D9 / 92, B1, B2 and B4 adapter together. By adhesive seals, linear fitting adapter can also be used with ISO 1179-1 / DIN 3852 port.

American hydraulic adapter is widely used

American hydraulic adapter is widely used in engineering machinery, agricultural machinery, hydraulic system control, mainly by controlling the opening and closing valves to control the flow of hydraulic fluid to the hydraulic machines direction control mechanical movements. The main sub-manual control, electric control and pressure control and other types. Most of the domestic agricultural machinery is manual control and mechanical control distributor, imports the majority of large-scale agricultural and excavators electric control distributor. Automatic transmission shift lever car is hand dispenser control valve.

Triple-Lok 37 ° fitting

Triple-Lok 37 ° fitting has a reliable, leak-free connection, and is an excellent solution for high-pressure hydraulic area.
Triple-Lok 37 ° flared  suitable for use with metric pipe fittings . Their simplicity, compact design and easy assembly makes use fluid power in motion control applications a wide choice. metric hose fittings are particularly suitable for pressures up to 350 bar rated low and medium voltage applications, operating temperature range of -40 ° C to + 120 ° C. The design is simple. Flaring Tool vise and flaring pins (available separately) to form a seal and keep the liquid under pressure system. 37 ° tube end is flared, and when the tightening nut is clamped between the nozzle and casing parts. This provides an effective single seal point between the most fitting and the pipe flaring. Parker Triple-Lok fitting consists of three components: fitting body nut and sleeve. For steel parts, it is recommended DIN 2391 / C using seamless drawn tubes.

High pressure hose fittings leak prevention

In the hydraulic system, whether it is the stainless steel jic fittings or hose connectors are prone to leakage problems. For card sets of pipe joints, mostly due to the pipeline by large external force or impact, so that the card sleeve loose or deformed pipe ends and cause leakage, you should check whether the card holder out of round, edge or without defects, whether the pipe end in good condition and the extent of the compression ferrule nut, but also the elimination of external piping. For Japanse bsp threaded pipe fittings, mostly due to excessive flaring, undesirable quality or dismantle flaring resulting deformation or cracks caused by leaks, this time can be re-flared front end truncated. If the top male and female cones pressure seal, the leakage is mostly due to two cone damage, it is available for cone grinding abrasive sand. In some use "о" by the end face or outer ring seal occasion.

Leakage of the high-pressure hose fittings

High pressure hose joint leakage following reasons: "о" ring deformation caused by aging or leakage; "о" ring assembly is not in place, so that when the two planes uneven pressure connection or "о" ring is cut causing leakage; " о "ring uncompressed, less elastic deformation caused by leakage;" о "Mouth-ring groove too deep and cause leaks. In this regard, the need to re-select the same diameter and cross-sectional coarse "о" rings, also
american hose fittings
You can seal the mouth with a groove on the plane were cut or grinding, in order to reduce the groove depth mouth only, so "о" ring has sufficient elastic deformation (compression should normally be between 0.35-0.65mm) . For the use of oil sheet, wool felt, soft steel board, combined sealing gasket or pipe joints leak sealant, No matter what the material, you should first check the seals without damage, deformation, aging and rough through the large, etc. and then take the appropriate measures.

High pressure hose fittings installation considerations

(1) hose in motion or stationary, can not excessive bending, it can not be bent in the roots, at least to start bending at 1.5 times its diameter;
(2) The 60 Cone seal hose fitting is moved to the extreme position not pull it too tight, it should be more relaxed;
(3) try to avoid the Multiseal metric hose fitting twisting deformation;
(4) hose as far as possible away from the heat radiating member, fashion necessary insulation boards;
(5) Avoid hose external damage, such as the use of the same term friction surface of the member;
(6) If the hose caused by excessive weight deformation, should support members.

Metal hose materials are generally divided into three categories:

A class of materials: that used in the production process, may have a direct, significant impact (such as key features of the product, performance may have a direct impact) on the production of quality raw materials.
Class B material: refers to use in the production process, the potential indirect impact of raw materials or more important to the product quality.
Class C materials: refers generally aid, the impact on product quality or slight raw materials.
Since the production of the main parts of the Interlock Hose Fittings is austenitic stainless steel, thus ensuring the hose excellent heat resistance and corrosion resistance, the hose very wide operating temperature range, is -196-600 degrees, the use of hoses by pipelines through the medium of corrosive select the appropriate grades, you can ensure that the corrosion resistance of the hose.
Hose Scope: the need for adequate flexible delivery tube, to prevent vibration premises piping, steam, gas, air, heavy oil, petrochemical, chemical-pharmaceutical etc. apply.
Metal hose has good flexibility, fatigue resistance, high pressure, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, and many other features, it is relative to other hoses (rubber, hydraulic hose cutting machine) of life would be much higher, so it but also has a higher overall economic efficiency. With the development of modern industry, the high temperature, high pressure of demand for corrugated metal hoses also getting bigger and bigger.

Hydraulic adaptor of maintenance

Hydraulic adaptor of maintenance

1. Check the appearance of hydraulic adaptors
2, to see every piece of cast iron sections with or without grooves and flatness --- fine sandpaper or a grinder grind
3, in the end face of each installed iron ring, with the bolt tightening (first spool loaded fastening avoid distortion.)
Inspection spool shaft work: note the flat seal metric hydraulic fittings opening and closing time, two-way action tilt spool shaft should advance a little way back hole open (momentary increase in the anti-pressure, otherwise the car or grinding the end surface of the valve shaft shoulder adjustment ). Check the spool shaft bending.

british interlock hose fittings

british interlock hose fittings

British interlock hose fittings producers are the United Kingdom, specifically for pressurized hydraulic hoses and convergence. hose fittings have a lot of material, the material of the advantages and disadvantages of each are different. hydraulic adaptors are made of metal but also of special materials, comparatively speaking, bsp multiseal fitting is a new material, the advantage is obvious.

american hydraulic adapter

american hydraulic adapter

American hydraulic adapter is widely used in engineering machinery, agricultural machinery, hydraulic system control, mainly by the control valve opens and closes to control the flow of hydraulic adaptors to control the direction of the hydraulic cylinder mechanical action.The main sub-manual control, electric control and pressure control and other types. Most of the domestic agricultural manual control and mechanical control american hose fittings , imported mostly large-scale agricultural and excavators electric control distributor.Automatic transmission shift lever is manually distributor of automotive control valve.

Realized by a brake pad pressed on the brake braking the brake wheel

Realized by a brake pad pressed on the brake braking the brake wheel. Single axle braking pressure to the brake block and uneven, it is usually more than offset by a pair of brake pads, the pressure on the brake axle suffered brake pad.
Outside hold block brake: it operated device according to the length of the trip is divided into short stroke and long stroke block brake block brake block brake short trip magnet mounted directly on the brake arm. When working around moving core pin rotation to achieve loose brake; tight against the main spring brake when the magnet energized. This brake structure compact, tight and loose brake brake fast action, but the impact force. Long stroke brake block brake lever system can produce large loose brake force, but slow braking action, suitable for large brakes. Within Zhang block brake: Brake blocks located inside the brake wheel through pedal, the brake lever and bumps block open, pressing the inner surface of the brake drum and brake application, the brake pedal is released back to the spring block The brake release. This brake can also be used, such as hydraulic valve or pneumatic operation. Zhang style within a compact block brake structure, dust, and can be used to install space-constrained applications, a wide variety of vehicles.

Hydraulic Manifold occupy a larger market share

Hydraulic Manifold occupy a larger market share
Hydraulic increasingly fierce market competition, capacity oversupply, high raw material prices have squeezed profit margins industry is extremely narrow, and users will be more concerned about the overall cost of products, poor quality, not high-tech products have not to meet the growing needs of the user, if the hydraulic blocks circuit block competition at only a low level of competition in the primary level, the enterprise market is bound to be ruthlessly eliminated. But so far, most of HMB companies seeking market share in the most direct and most effective way of construction machinery industry price war. In today's competitive market situation, in addition to the competition in terms of product quality, reliability and service, the contest of intangible assets is another invisible war. Brand to stand the market of training, in order to enjoy a high reputation in the minds of users. hydraulic testing machine system design industry price war weapon to deal with is the value of marketing, the product value, service value and brand value for a triple. Implementation of leading technology development strategy, always emphasizing technological innovation and product development in the company's development strategy primacy of. Through innovative product differentiation, reformate value, get rid of the price of product homogeneity caused
Competition, we should focus on providing customers with a full range of services in a timely manner, by increasing the value-added products and services, has introduced a hydraulic circuit block new technology, new products, new technologies and new services to attract a wider customer, and constantly develop new markets, only so can only get rid of a few years wandering margins and
Downward trend in performance.

Hydraulic components and systems solutions to the problem of leakage

Hydraulic components and systems solutions to the problem of leakage
There are the main method to solve the problem of leakage of hydraulic components and systems of "blocking", "lead", "anti" and "use" four ways. Blocking the way, on the site of leakage and fixed the leak is very effective, as in the leaking part coated sealant. Guided approach is mainly within the conductivity method, such as hydraulic couplers block baffle plate, drain line, so that the leak oil tank. Anti-catch approach primarily designed, radical leak. Seals using both blocking, anti-two effects, so to design hydraulic power units and hydraulic systems must understand the sealing technology. For example, a gap seal of the Department, it is not necessary to use the contact seal structure. The leak is to use the method for the benefit of victims turn, is an important research topic, such as such as hydrostatic guides and bearings. Leakage from the formula and technical design perspective and field observation, the main reason for the gap caused by the leakage control issues, problems and hydraulic cartridge valves shock temperature heat problems, the main leak case study provides us with a specific method to solve the leakage problem.

If an empty load or light load heavy steering light and heavy steering

If an empty load or light load heavy steering light and heavy steering, it may be less than the pressure relief valve block working pressure or relief valve core is stuck dirt or spring failure or damage caused by seals. First, adjust the pressure relief valve should work when adjusting invalid decomposition cleaning relief, such as spring failure, damaged seals should be replaced. 4) If you turn the steering wheel does not move when you move when the hydraulic cutting machine cylinder and the issue of irregular sound, it might be steering system with air or hydraulic steering cylinder leakage caused by too much. Should open the tank lid to see if there is a bubble in the tank, if the first check whether the leak at the suction tank, and then check the piping connections are intact, and the exclusion of air from the system. Such as hydraulic cylinders move when the time is still not moving the piston seal status should check and replace the seal if necessary.
Stacking manifold way hydraulic valve systems integration approach with a variety of specially designed according to the requirements of ordinary plate connected system stacked together, collectively referred to as the superposition of HMB integration technology. This way to integrate a hydraulic system, which can be seen superimposed valves, valve and connection block plate connected components. Superimposed valve in the hydraulic circuit block, named because of its structure and shape, as the name suggests it is a hydraulic valve can be stacked with each other, and to adapt to this integrated approach is specifically designed. Rather, stacking valve is connected to a hydraulic coupling valve superimposed manner. It is a new type of hydraulic components developed in the hydraulic valve plate connected to an integrated basis. Which itself contains from 1 to 2 separate valve, its internal structure and general hydraulic valve similar. The valve between the upper and lower surfaces of the joint surface, the valve surface in both imports and exports, respectively. In addition, there is only for internal valve connector channel. Therefore, both acts superposition of hydraulic valves, valve underway between the role of a valve in the connecting passage.

the development of hydraulic technology

With the development of hydraulic technology, engineering machinery hydraulic drive system has been very common. From a technical point of view, any kind of hydraulic drive system should meet the reusable hydraulic hose fittings design, simple structure, easy to use, high efficiency requirements. The quality of the hydraulic system of a direct impact on the performance of the pros and cons of construction machinery, paper, hydraulic steering system uses a common Troubleshooting talk about some understanding and practices. Hydraulic steering system steering heavy one) if fast forward or turn the steering wheel are heavy and slow turn without pressure, it may be the tank level is low, the oil viscosity is too high or the valve body check valve failure. First check the viscosity of the oil tank and hydraulic oil. If the oil level is lower than the standard height of hydraulic oil is added, it should be replaced as much oil viscosity hydraulik monoblock oil viscosity is appropriate, such as the viscosity of the oil level should be decomposed normal steering. If you lose the ball check valve body into the new ball, if the ball should be cleaned of dirt stuck, if the one-way valve seal with the ball and the ball is bad impact of the application, so that reliable sealing.

Hydraulic valve stent, the working environment

Hydraulic valve stent, the working environment is very bad. In the coal face, the total length of over 1000 meters tubing, 1 bsp fittings socket up to more than 4000, no special dust tank facilities. Emulsion in a large number of floating impurities in the column Bottom and valve chamber, leaving more coal, grain and iron rock. Inlet valve and seat, due to open and close more frequently, liquid flow rate is high, the seal will soon fail. Practice has proved that reduce contaminants hydraulic system fluid, it is very difficult, it was once envisaged in the emulsion pump high pressure filter, while increasing small filters on each stand at the entrance. But soon be blocked at work, forming a stop.
On the other hand, with the development of technology. The use of performance and service life of the valve valve put forward higher requirements. Currently, under the conditions when provided with a 120 mesh filter and a magnetic filter device, by using the test valve is opening and closing times of the total flow of the emulsion and the valve, to measure the life of the hydraulic valve. But in fact the actual downhole indoor type test results of the work vary greatly. Many countries are now in the form of experiments, an increase of anti-pollution requirements, or the incorporation of appropriate pulverized in emulsion, some added mechanical impurities. To do this, you need to use the new, anti-pollution and strong, suitable for underground working conditions manifold seal pair.

cold and hot water piping systems Plastic Testing Machine

Plastics piping systems for hot and cold water test machine for hot and cold water with a variety of plastic pipes and fittings (PP, PEX, PVC-C, PB), according to the requirements of assembly and withstand a certain pressure at a temperature after the number of alternating Check pipes and fittings for leaks, the instrument is mainly used for hydraulic hose and fittings pipe fittings after assembly system tests. Hot and cold water systems for thermoplastic pipe fittings system test requirements. Test device using foreign advanced pressure control device for controlling, preventing the pressure fluctuations with temperature and time, the test pressure circulation pump imported from abroad provided to ensure that the pressure of the long-term effectiveness. Temperature conditions under which detection device automatically opens the appropriate return valve, reduce energy consumption, reduce the cost of test. Instrument with a special device greatly eliminates piping noise, are imported refrigeration equipment, power consumption, cooling capacity; reliable security guards and comprehensive level measurement devices to ensure that the high and low liquid level in the tank, When the test fails, the pipeline has ruptured, the time of shutdown; personnel can effectively protect against experimental tests and easy to observe the process of product design fully simulate the real product practical application scenarios, design ideas unique in the country.
) Pressure control range: 0.4MPa ~ 1.0MPa can be arbitrarily set
2) Pressure control precision: the set value ± 0.05MPa (alternating hot and cold water when no water hammer phenomenon)
3) Hot and cold water alternating time: less than 1 minute
4) Hot and cold water, each cycle: 15 minutes
5) cycles: 1 ~ 10000 arbitrarily set between.
6) Temperature indication error: 0.5 ℃
7) thermostatic bath temperature uniformity: ≤ ± 1 ℃
8) Temperature control range: Cold water: 15 ℃ ~ Hot water temperature: room temperature ~ 95 ℃
9) the applicable maximum diameter: Ф63
10) Test Station number: 6 channels (12 channels to be special orders)
11) Power supply: 380VAC/220VAC mix
12) Standard Rated Power: 25kW
13) Instrument Size: 5550mm × 2800mm × 1800mm
14) Instrument Installation size: 8000mm × 7000mm × 1800mm

CNC plasma cutting machine analysis of various aspects

CNC plasma cutting machine analysis of various aspects of
CNC plasma cutting cutting machine process has cut fast, slotted small features, but many users tend to enterprises in the actual operation of a variety of problems occur

, Resulting in actual cutting speed is limited, slotted too large, cut surface is not the whole phenomenon, excluding CNC plasma cutting machine itself mechanical failures and other factors, the user enterprises in the operation

Is not set correctly for CNC plasma cutting machine related parameters will also affect the actual cutting results, the following will be the Blue Technology Co., Ltd. Wuhan actual shadow Experience

Rang CNC plasma cutting hydraulic pipe crimping machine effect of various factors, and users exchange about business:

A no-load voltage and the arc column voltage

Plasma cutting power, must have a sufficiently high no-load voltage, in order to easy the plasma arc ignition and stable combustion. No-load voltage is typically 120-600V, while

Arc column voltage is typically no-load voltage of the half. Arc column voltage increase, can significantly increase the power of the plasma arc, which can improve the cutting speed and cutting of greater thickness

Sheet metal. Arc column voltage tends to increase by adjusting the gas flow and shrinkage does not reach the inner electrode, but the arc column voltage can not exceed 65% of the no-load voltage, otherwise it would be, etc.

Plasma arc instability.

(2) Cutting current

The same can be improved to increase cutting current plasma arc power, but it is limited by the maximum allowable current, otherwise it would be thicker plasma arc column, kerf width increases

, Electrode life decline.

3 gas flow

Increased gas flow both to improve the arc column voltage, but also enhance the arc column compression leaving the role of the plasma arc energy is more concentrated, jet stronger, thus improving

Cutting speed and quality. However, excessive gas flow, but will make the arc column shorter heat loss increases, so that the cutting diminished capacity until the cutting process can not be normal

.

4 pipette shrinkage

Within the so-called shrinkage refers to the tip end of the electrode distance, a suitable distance so that the arc within the torch tip to get good compression, access to energy concentration, high temperature

The effective plasma arc cutting. Distance is too large or too small, will make the electrode severe burning, cutting tip burn and cutting ability. Within shrinkage generally take 8-11mm.

5 cutting nozzle height

Cutting nozzle tip height is the end to be cut from the workpiece surface. The distance is generally 4 ~ 10mm. It is the same with the electrode within the shrinkage, the distance to the right in order to give full

Waving plasma arc cutting efficiency, otherwise it would cutting efficiency and cutting quality or the torch burn.

6. Cutting speed

All of the above factors directly affect the compression effect of the plasma arc, that is, the temperature affect the plasma arc and the energy density, and high-temperature plasma arc, high energy resolution

Set the cutting speed, so the above factors were associated with the cutting speed. Ensure the cutting quality of the premise, should be possible to improve the cutting speed. This is not only mention

High productivity, and can reduce the amount of deformation of parts cut kerf area and heat affected zones. If the cutting speed is inappropriate, the opposite effect, but will also increase the sticky residue,

Manifold and valve member with the combination of research

According to incomplete statistics, in 2011 China's fluid sealing industry above designated size industrial output value of 77.271 billion yuan enterprises, an increase of 21%, of which the hydraulic industry completed 43.62 billion yuan, an increase of 18.47%; pneumatic industry completed 15.046 billion yuan, an increase of 29.60%; sealing industry completed 18.605 billion yuan, an increase of 23.95%. fluid airtight industry 125 key enterprises in 64 hydraulic industry, hydraulic industry 6, pneumatic industry 40, 15 sealing industry, economic efficiency index was 233.56, 226.44 over the same period last year. these key enterprises of the industrial output value of 33.424 billion yuan, an increase of 12.94 percent, of which the output value of 14.171 billion yuan hydraulic enterprises, an increase of 7.72%; hydraulic enterprise value of 533 million yuan, down 4.77%; pneumatic enterprise value of 8.639 billion yuan, an increase of 25.12%; sealing enterprise value of 7.32 billion yuan, an increase of 11.14% of the good prospects for development, but also attracted a lot of foreign investment in the industry. According to incomplete statistics, nearly two years fluid sealing industry to invest no less than 30 billion yuan, including construction hydraulic hose crimping machine and other hydraulic hosting industry investment funds accounted for approximately 50% of total investment. Sany, Liugong, Long Engineering , Zoomlion, Shandong Changlin construction machinery and a number of well-known enterprises have invested or hydraulic corporate mergers and reorganizations. China is currently seeking high-end break more than 20 tons of hydraulic excavators used for basic control in the hands of an enterprise that Kawasaki company. Each discussed the matter, sand Bossen are solemnly. Domestic high-end hydraulic manifold block the kinds of situation, has attracted national attention. October 2011, after six months of planning, engineering hydraulic hose cutting machine with high-pressure hydraulic manifold system industrialization and application of the preparatory body established collaborative work platform. Under the guidance of government departments in the industry, driven by the working platform focused on the China Construction Machinery Industry Association and the China Hydraulics Pneumatics & Seals Association, two associations of superior forces to HMB as a breakthrough, taking manifold and accessories production Gakken a combined form, increased industry consolidation, the establishment of effective docking platform, and strive in the next 3 to 5 years to break China's construction machinery industry hydraulic and other accessories on foreign dependence.

Sleeve pipe connector characteristics and sealing principle

Currently at home and abroad have adopted a structure more advanced pipe connections, ie ferrule tube fitting connection method. National Bureau of Standards in 1983 enacted a national universal connectivity standard card sets. Card sets are many types of connections, such as extrusion, plumper, self-supporting, bite fit and so on. According to the National Bureau of Standards issued by standards, our sleeve type connection is extruded and bite fit, its structure consists of the connector body, ferrule and nut three parts. The key part is the card sleeve - a cutting edge with a metal ring (domestic hot water heating with the card sets for the rubber sleeve).
First, the sleeve pipe connector Features
Card sets of pipe joints for feature relies ferrule cutting edge, firmly grip the pipe wall, so that the high pressure fluid inside the tube is fully sealed.
This connector also has a locking structure characteristics, impact resistance, vibration resistance. Bite-fit tube fittings suitable for small diameter high-pressure system. Squeeze tube fittings suitable for medium and low-pressure pipe, such as indoor hot water heating, water supply, hot water, gas pipeline. Currently used aluminum tube is extruded pipe connection tube fitting connections. quick coupling fittings As indoor heating pipes, hot water, water supply, gas pipeline to connect using the above process, reducing the threaded connection, greatly improved the foreman labor intensity, effectively reducing the project cost (due to indoor heating pipe thread connection required union or filament connections, while the use of the card sets of pipe joints can be reduced union or pipe clamps, filament, roots mother, but also reduces the leakage point). Since no special tools and flare welding, flammable, explosive areas and high altitude places pipeline particularly well suited.
Second, sleeve type pipe joint sealing principle (1) bite-fit connector ferrule sealing principle. When the tube is in the form in Figure 4-13 After assembly, the nut hand turn into the buckle, turn the pipe when the pipe and the nut will not turn by hand, indicating the connector body, card sets, pipes and nuts devices are in preparatory work status, and then use a wrench on the lap, the entire assembly is completed. In the joint assembly process, the card sets the external force, pushed into the connector body 24 ° cone hole ferrule end edge taper bound by a radial contraction, so that the outer wall of the pipe sleeve edge cut (cutting depth t = 0.25 ~ 0.5mm), thereby forming an annular groove as shown in Figure 4-13 a, in order to ensure between the tube and the sealing sleeve and connections. Meanwhile ferrule edge side 26 ° outer cone with connector body between completely close quick coupling, as shown in Figure 4-13 form a reliable outer seal band b, guarantee card sleeve and the seal between the connector body. In addition, the nut tightening the compression force generated under the arched central sleeve, spring-like form of a drum, to prevent loosening of the nut due to vibration phenomena. Card sets tight hold of the tail and steel pipe, steel pipe can serve to prevent vibration transmission to the blade end of the ferrule effect. The sealing principle shown in Figure 4-14. This connection structure has a good resistance to shock and vibration performance. Meanwhile, in order to achieve the above functions, card sets should have sufficient hardness and good toughness.

High pressure steel wire braided hose

High pressure steel wire braided hose
Product structure type:
Steel wire braided hose structure is composed of a liquid-resistant synthetic rubber inner layer, middle layer, Ⅰ or Ⅱ or Ⅲ layer steel wire braid reinforcement, and excellent weathering performance synthetic rubber cover.
Product use:
Wire reinforced hydraulic rubber hose is mainly used for mine hydraulic support, oil exploitation, suitable for construction, material handling, forging metallurgy, mining equipment, ships, injection molding hydraulic cutting machine, agricultural hydraulic cutting machine, tools and various industrial sectors mechanization and automation of hydraulic petroleum-based delivery system with a certain pressure and temperature (e.g., mineral oil, soluble oil, hydraulic oil, fuel oil, lubricating oil) liquid, water-based liquid (e.g., emulsions, oil-water emulsion, water), gas and liquid transmission with.
Features:
1. Hose special selection made with synthetic rubber, has excellent oil resistance, heat aging resistance.
2. Hose bearing pressure, pulse superior performance.
3. tube combined with tight, use a soft, small deformation under pressure.
The hose has excellent resistance around the song and fatigue resistance.
5. The length of the large steel wire braided hose, φ32 length of 20 meters or more, φ25 can connect more than ten meters below even meters.
Temperature: Oil -40 ℃ - + 100 ℃, air -30 ℃ - + 50 ℃, water emulsion + below 80 ℃, please use the factory beyond specific products.

Hydraulic fittings standard

Hydraulic fittings standard
Assembly sleeve pipe hydraulic fitting
① preinstalled card sets of pipe joints most important aspects preloaded directly affect the reliability of the seal. Generally require a dedicated pre-heater. Small diameter joints can be pre-installed on the vise. In practice, as a parent with a connector, the nut, ferrule can be pressed onto the tube. There are straight pipe joints card sets, card sets Straight turning heads, sleeve tee pipe fittings and other types. I found that even in the same factory shipment, these types of connector body tapered hole depth is often not identical result is a leak, and this problem is often overlooked. The correct approach is to end what kind of pipe joint body, connecting the ends of the corresponding pre-installed with the same type of connector, which can maximize avoid leakage.
② pipe end should be flush. After sawing the pipe should be ground flush with the wheel and other tools, and deburring, cleaning with high pressure air blowing before use.
③ When preloaded, you should try to keep the coaxial tube and connector body, if the tube is too large will cause deflection seal failure. ④ preloaded force should not be too much of the inner edge of the ferrule just embedding the tube wall, card sets should not have significant deformation. During pipeline connection, then the provisions of the tightening force assembly. ф6-1 card sets tightening force of 64-1 15n, 16фmmr 259n, ф18mm to 450n. If at the time of pre-deformation serious bite, will lose seal.