high-pressure hose assembly

High pressure hose assembly uses metric adapters the high quality steel braided hose or wire winding hose and hose fittings, the special equipment withhold from. According to user needs can choose high-quality carbon steel fittings, stainless steel fittings, brass fittings, aluminum joints, joint form and thread strictly refer GB Metric (JB1891-1900-77), American standard, British standards, accurate data, reasonable structure , easy double hose connector assembly, withholding tight, high temperature, high pressure and pulse working condition, no leakage, no off heads, high safety factor, long life, and can be designed and manufactured according to user needs shaped connectors and connector.
Second, the use of medium and temperature, oil -30 degrees to 80 degrees, the air is -30 degrees to 50 degrees, 0 degrees to 80 degrees water for hydraulic power transmission or conveying water, gas, oil pressure medium, in order to ensure that the liquid circulation and transmission fluid energy.

hydraulic universal testing machine main configuration

hydraulic universal testing machine main configuration

1, hydraulic universal testing machine at a station
  Hydraulic universal testing machine accessories bolt drawing aids
2, hydraulic universal testing machine oil source set of standards
3, all-digital servo PC controller (including computers) a
4, the test machine a dedicated PC Control Card
5, one printer
6, a servo valve
7, the electrical control jic thread box (with integrated oil source) a
8, a pressure sensor
9, an extensometer gauge length 50mm
10, cylinder piston displacement sensor and a set of connections
11, a set of all-digital servo control software
12, multi-functional test data processing software package (including tension and compression tests commonly used software) set
13, a pipeline
14, accompanied by (tension, compression, bending and mounting parts) set [1]
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Practice

First, this [a] kind of testing hydraulic hose adapters machine equipment should avoid direct sunlight as much as possible, pay attention to regular maintenance in order to extend the service life, the use of the procedures are as follows:
1, connect the power cord, press the "Power" button, the indicator lights.
2, according to the sample size selected range, the pendulum rod mount or remove the mound, if necessary, adjust the buffer handwheel.
3, according to the shape and size of the sample, the corresponding upper and lower jaws of the jaw into the seat.
4, in the plotter's drum, the volume pressure is good recording paper (graph paper).
5, start the pump delivery valve unscrew the platen increased by about 10mm, and then close the delivery valve. If the platen is in the raised position, without making a start sending oil pump, only the sending

Valve can be closed.
6, one end of the sample clip in the upper jaw, for models equipped with hydraulic chuck, then press the control box of the "tightening" button to clamp the specimen.
7, the platen has risen, sending oil return valves are closed the case, adjust the alignment pointer dial 0:00. (Should be operated under conditions not pressurized)
8, start lifting motor to adjust the tensile test space, the sample vertical grip is good. For models equipped with hydraulic chuck, then press the control box "next tight" button

Vertical clamping the sample well.
9, the plunger down into the paint pen drawing state.
10, according to test requirements have afterburner speed, slowly unscrew the delivery valve for afterburner tests. After specimen fracture closed delivery valve. Follows a group of test interval longer,

It should also stop the pump hydraulic ferrule working.
11, the values ​​recorded paint pen raised.
12, open the return valve unloading force, the needle will move reversed zero.
13, remove the sample after fracture. For models equipped with hydraulic chuck, press the "on the loose" button to release the upper jaw, then "next song" button to release the lower jaw,

Remove the broken specimens, respectively.

hydraulic universal testing machine main configuration

1, hydraulic universal testing machine at a station
  Hydraulic universal testing machine accessories bolt drawing aids
2, hydraulic universal testing machine oil source set of standards
3, all-digital servo PC controller (including computers) a
4, the test machine a Diamond Burs dedicated PC Control Card
5, one printer
6, a servo valve
7, the electrical control box (with integrated oil source) a
8, a pressure sensor
9, an extensometer gauge length 50mm
10, cylinder piston displacement sensor and a set of connections
11, a set of all-digital servo control software
12, multi-functional test data processing software package (including tension and compression tests commonly used software) set
13, a pipeline
14, accompanied by (tension, flange fitting compression, bending and mounting parts) set [1]
Edit this paragraph
Practice

First, this [a] kind of testing machine equipment should avoid direct sunlight as much as possible, pay attention to regular maintenance in order to extend the service life, the use of the procedures are as follows:
1, connect the power cord, press the "Power" button, the indicator lights.
2, according to the sample size selected range, the pendulum rod mount or remove the mound, if necessary, adjust the buffer handwheel.
3, according to the shape and size of the sample, the corresponding upper and lower jaws of the jaw into the seat.
4, in the plotter's drum, the volume pressure is good recording paper (graph paper).
5, start the pump delivery valve unscrew the platen increased by about 10mm, and then close the delivery valve. If the platen is in the raised position, without making a start sending oil pump, only the sending

Valve can be closed.
6, one end of the sample clip in the upper jaw, for models equipped with hydraulic chuck, then press the control box of the "tightening" button to clamp the specimen.
7, the platen has risen, sending oil return valves are closed the case, adjust the alignment pointer dial 0:00. (Should be operated under conditions not pressurized)
8, start lifting motor to adjust the tensile test space, the sample vertical grip is good. For models equipped with hydraulic chuck, then press the control box "next tight" button

Vertical clamping the sample well.
9, the plunger down into the paint pen drawing state.
10, according to test requirements have afterburner speed, slowly unscrew the delivery valve for afterburner tests. After specimen fracture closed delivery valve. Follows a group of test interval longer,

It should also stop the pump working.
11, the values ​​recorded paint pen raised.
12, open the return valve unloading force, the needle will move reversed zero.
13, remove the sample after fracture. For models equipped with hydraulic chuck, press the "on the loose" button to release the upper jaw, then "next song" button to release the lower jaw,

Remove the broken specimens, respectively.

water use grout plugs series

First, use
1, connecting all piping systems, tighten all threaded, connected to the gas source (or hydraulic pump), the grout plug on the orifice (or closed-end steel pipe) pressure test, check hydraulic hose assembly connections for leaks, put hole spare.
2, opening the cylinder valve or hydraulic pump, so gradually filling the expansion plug, attention must be greater than the filling pressure of air pressure to 2/3, to a predetermined pressure to grouting.
3, grouting begins, there is a lot to be back to the pulp slurry benefit out of the mouth, and then fractionated slowly pressurized to a predetermined pressure grouting, or easily form a large pressure differential. Grout should always check the gas cylinder valve pressure gauge, such as the reduction should immediately add fill.
4, filling a long time, you must check whether the channeling pulp, around the plug back plasma phenomena, if any, should stop filling, release the pressure, loosen the upper and lower inflatable plugs, inflatable plugs is to prevent the consolidation and difficult to hydraulic coupling remove.
5, the end of the grout, you must first let go of grouting pressure, inflation pressure and then let go, do not let go of the first inflation pressure to prevent grout plug injection, resulting in accidents.
6, after filling, simply plug into the filling tube closed at one end, the inflatable around 0.5Mpa, rinse cycle can be carried out.
7, grout plug after removing the hose into the plasma tube, respectively, back to the slurry pipe connection rinse.
8, together with the porous grout, all piping must be parallel to the line, and not twist and tangle together, to prevent a Fasheng security incidents affecting the other hole.
9, after prolonged use, you should plug the bottom apart for cleaning grout, on the butter.
10, drilling discovered over a hydraulic hose assemblies longer cracks or broken, it may happen channeling pulp, around the plug, return pulp, shall also put an upper end of the trachea to the grout plug, if channeling pulp, around the plug, return pulp, washed with high-pressure gas discharge, can prevent jams.

the rubber tube in automotive applications

Automotive Applications

Is mainly connected with the engine air filter, the engine and radiator systems, automotive air conditioning systems. As part of the intake system, from the engine close,

Requiring high temperature resistance, oil resistance, corrosion resistance, aging resistance, low temperature, the material according to the different processing technology there are many types, such as NBR nitrile rubber is widely used

The vacuum brake pipe, hydraulic ferrule fittings oil resistance gel content is high, but relatively poor resistance to ozone; EPDM EPDM rubber used in automotive hose series. Such as a radiator hose, air conditioning tubes

. There are also high performance materials such as acrylates AEM temperature and so on. Each rubber has his characteristics, so the hose is particularly important at the selection of materials.

Basically the materials used luxury cars is relatively good, some of the micro-car, van poor materials used, such as some micro-car is currently still being used as a fuel nitrile rubber

Tubes, nitrile rubber are currently unsuitable fuel system. Thus replacing the fluorine epichlorohydrin rubber hose is more extensive.
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The main performance

Most rubber hose with non-toxic, environmentally friendly, but some require a higher oil and gas pipelines in the rubber material added flame retardants, flame retardants containing toxic and hazardous substances on the human body

And the atmosphere will have a slight impact.
Rubber tube features include; physiologically inert, resistant to UV, ozone resistance, resistance to high temperature (-80 to 300 degrees), high transparency, strong rebound, resistance to compression permanent deformation

, Oil resistance, stamping, hydraulic valve manifold acid, wear-resistant, flame resistance, voltage, electrical conductivity and other properties.
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Scope

Supporting electrical, electronics, furniture and equipment, toys, hardware, medical equipment, sporting goods, audio, lighting, machinery, automobile, motorcycle, marine, aviation, working

Wire coat comb harsh environment hydraulic hose adapters of water, for many materials, non-stick, can play a role in isolated areas such as industries.
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Maintenance and use

Hydraulic fittings and pipe joints common difference

Hydraulic fittings and pipe joints common difference
The largest and most significant difference is that the hydraulic pressure is great staggering, hydraulic tubing impact of sudden burst of oil is large.
I say this certainly can not replace a dedicated with a common connector, because the hydraulic pressure can all be under great pressure, normal pressure up to 0.5 already dying, now we hydraulic tube fittings gap compared to foreign countries too, the hydraulic network of excellence hydraulic industry friends to remind you to interact more development of China's own hydraulic tube fittings.

Electro-hydraulic block brake - Introduction

Brake System Overview
Brake is braking. Is the moving parts of the mechanical stop or slow the mechanical parts. Commonly known as brakes, hydraulic manifold block brake. Frame from the main brake system, the brake member and the operating device and other components. Some of the brake is also equipped with an automatic brake clearance adjustment device member. hose cutting machine In order to reduce the size and structure of the braking torque, the brake is usually installed in the high-speed shaft of the device, but the higher security requirements of large-scale equipment (such as mine hoists, elevators, etc.) jic hydraulic fittings should be installed near the equipment and part of the low-speed shaft work on. Some brakes have been standardized and serialized by a professional factory for selection.

tensile testing machine, tensile testing machine

    Tensile testing machine, also known as tensile machine, mainly used in plastic sheet, pipe, profile, plastic film and rubber, wire and cable, waterproofing membrane, metal reusable fitting wire tensile compression, bending test, Golden Construction Company tensile testing various models machine is the mining industry, commodity inspection, arbitration, research institutes, universities, engineering quality supervision station and other departments ideal testing equipment.
XLD-20 electronic tensile testing machine

The main technical parameters: bsp connector Maximum test force: 20kN; maximum tensile space: 900mm; Test speed: 0.05mm/min ~ 500mm/min
The series description: Chinese LCD, micro-printer
Features:
1 Configuration tensile, compressive, bending fixtures.
(2) Optional large deformation biaxial extensometer and bidirectional follower chuck.

ring stiffness test machine

Ring stiffness testing machine, for having an annular cross-section of thermoplastic pipe ring stiffness determination. Also applies to flat test, ring flexibility tests. Meet PE double wall corrugated pipe, Pipe and various plastic pipe testing requirements of the standard is that all research institutes, quality inspection departments and pipe manufacturer the necessary testing equipment, in addition to support hose adapters the expansion of function creep ratio test for the determination of Large diameter plastic pipe buried simulate its long buried case, the ring stiffness attenuation over time. Users may need additional pipe creep ratio tests.
    This series of ring stiffness test machine has passed the European CE certification.
    Instrument features:
    ◇ gantry type high rigidity frame structure, wide speed control range, sealed vertical axis bracket, super rigid, without gaps ball, the instrument of high precision, good stability.
    ◇ advanced maintenance-free AC servo loop control system, high precision, high reliability; imported reducer and ball screws and improve the control precision and stability. Using high-speed high-resolution AD sampling circuit to ensure peak test data is not lost, hose crimping machine using piecewise linear correction method to ensure force value detecting section high precision and high stability.
    ◇ multi-sensor bridge structure only force value, enhanced anti-bias for large pipe, reducing the chance of damage to the sensor.
    ◇ unique cable-diameter measuring system, without any intermediate links, sample installation more convenient, more direct and accurate measurement can accurately measure the diameter of the pipe changes.
    ◇ PC control software for easy operation to achieve the creep ratio test curve drawing, test process control, test monitoring, sample data analysis, test report printing and other functions; npt pipe fittings using non-equidistant cutting regression algorithm automatically loading the standard requirements , loaded high success rate, greatly reducing the test difficulty; static long-term exploration algorithm ensures constant load and constant load quickly loaded stable.
    ◇ with overload, overcurrent, overvoltage and overtemperature protection, with mechanical, electrical, software and other security features safe and reliable operation of the test.

cold and hot water piping systems Plastic Testing Machine

Plastics piping systems for hot and cold water test machine for hot and cold water with a variety of plastic pipes and fittings (PP, PEX, PVC-C, PB), according to the requirements of assembly and withstand a certain pressure at a temperature after the number of alternating Check pipes and fittings for leaks, the instrument is mainly used for hydraulic hose and fittings pipe fittings after assembly system tests. Hot and cold water systems for thermoplastic pipe fittings system test requirements. Test device using foreign advanced pressure control device for controlling, preventing the pressure fluctuations with temperature and time, the test pressure circulation pump imported from abroad provided to ensure that the pressure of the long-term effectiveness. Temperature conditions under which detection device automatically opens the appropriate return valve, reduce energy consumption, reduce the cost of test. Instrument with a special device greatly eliminates piping noise, are imported refrigeration equipment, power consumption, cooling capacity; reliable security guards and comprehensive level measurement devices to ensure that the high and low liquid level in the tank, When the test fails, the pipeline has ruptured, the time of shutdown; personnel can effectively protect against experimental tests and easy to observe the process of product design fully hydraulic quick coupling simulate the real product practical application scenarios, design ideas unique in the country.
) Pressure control range: 0.4MPa ~ 1.0MPa can be arbitrarily set
2) Pressure control precision: the set value ± 0.05MPa (alternating hot and cold water when no water hammer phenomenon)
3) Hot and cold water alternating time: less than 1 minute
4) Hot and cold water, each cycle: 15 minutes
5) cycles: 1 ~ 10000 arbitrarily set between.
6) Temperature indication error: 0.5 ℃
7) thermostatic bath temperature uniformity: ≤ ± 1 ℃
8) Temperature control range: Cold water: 15 ℃ ~ Hot water temperature: room temperature ~ 95 ℃
9) the applicable maximum hydraulic hose clamps diameter: Ф63
10) Test Station number: 6 channels (12 channels to be special orders)
11) Power supply: 380VAC/220VAC mix
12) Standard Rated Power: 25kW
13) Instrument Size: 5550mm × 2800mm × 1800mm
14) Instrument Installation size: 8000mm × 7000mm × 1800mm

hydrostatic testing machine

 Hydrostatic testing machine is suitable for all kinds of plastic pipe for fluid transport pipe hydraulic transient burst test and long-term under constant pressure damage resistant thermoplastic pipes - Determination of time. Are various research institutes, quality hydraulic hose and fittings inspection departments and pipe manufacturer necessary testing equipment. The machine main technical parameters meet GB/T6111-2003 and GB/T15560-1995 standards, is a simple structure, easy operation, functional diversification of the testing machine, and has a power-down protection.
 Hydrostatic testing machine (pipe pressure burst test machine) using the PC central cluster control. Each channel has a microcomputer for receiving PC control commands to achieve control,hydraulic quick coupling  while constantly put through the serial bus control information back to the PC, from the PC to complete the test data acquisition and storage capabilities. Test the host can also be controlled independently from the PC. Which has a leakage warning, burst identification, real-time monitoring, work offline, power protection, printing, storage test results and other functions. This series testing machine main technical parameters meet GB/T6111-2003 and GB/T15560-95 standards, can be long-term hydrostatic test tubes or pipe pressure burst test is a scientific structure, convenient operation, hydraulic hose clamps functional diversification testing machine.
Features:
1 leakage warning, burst identification, real-time monitoring, with PC control interface.
37 all the way to multi-port test high efficiency, low cost, good economic returns.

plasma arc cutting machine unstable fault analysis

Plasma arc cutting machine cutting quality directly affects the stability of the plasma arc instability will lead to cuts uneven buildup and other defects, can lead to

The control system related to reduced life components, nozzles, frequent replacement of the electrode. For this phenomenon, analyze and propose solutions.

1 pressure is too low

Plasma cutting machine work, such as working pressure is far below the required specification pressure, which means that the ejection velocity plasma arc weakened, input air flow

Is less than the predetermined value, reusable fitting this time can not form a high energy, high speed plasma arc, resulting in poor cut quality, not cut through, cut buildup phenomenon. Insufficient air pressure of the original

Due to: lack of input air compressor, air regulator valve regulator cutting machine is too low, the solenoid valve within the oil, gas path is not smooth and so on.

The workaround is to use the former to observe compressor output pressure display, if not met, adjust the pressure or compressor overhaul. If the input air pressure has reached the required

, You should check the air filter split flanges regulator adjusted correctly, gauge display can meet the cutting requirements. Otherwise deal with air filter regulator routine maintenance, indeed

Paul input air dry, no oil. If you enter the air quality is poor, it will cause the solenoid valve to generate oil, valve open difficulties valve port can not be fully opened. Furthermore,

Torch nozzle pressure is too low, the need to replace the solenoid valve; pneumatic smaller cross-section can also cause pressure is too low, according to the specification requirements replace the trachea.

2 pressure is too high

If the input air pressure bsp fittings far exceeds 0.45MPa, in the form of plasma-arc, excessive concentration of air being blown arc column, so that the arc column energy dispersion, weakened

Intensity of the plasma arc cutting. Caused by excessive pressure causes: improper input air regulator, air filter regulator is too high or the air filter regulator failure

.

The workaround is to check whether the right to adjust the pressure air compressor, air compressor and air filter regulator whether the pressure imbalance. Boot, such as a rotary air filters Less

Pressure valve adjustment switch, gauge unchanged, indicating that the air filter regulator failure, need of replacement.

3 burning torch nozzle and electrode

Due to improper installation nozzles, such as threaded not tighten the device to adjust the gear properly, need water cooled torch at work, did not seek to pass into the flow of cooling water to the

And frequent arcing will cause premature failure of the nozzle.

The solution is cutting the workpiece in accordance with the technical requirements of the gear equipment properly adjusted, check the torch nozzle is installed securely imprison, need to pass cooling water nozzles should provide

Before the cooling water circulation up. Cutting, adjust the thickness of the workpiece between the torch and the workpiece distance.

4 AC input voltage is too low

The use of plasma cutting machine has a large field of electricity facilities, cutting internal main circuit component failures, etc., causes the input AC voltage is too low.

The workaround is to check plasma cutting machines connected to the grid have sufficient carrying capacity, power cord specifications meet the requirements. Plasma cutting machine installation site

Point, you should stay away from large-scale electrical equipment and often have electrical interference. Use, should be cleaned regularly cutting machine dust and dirt on the component, check the wires are

Whether the aging phenomena.

5 Ground poor contact with the workpiece

Grounding is an essential preparation before cutting work. Dedicated ground unused tool, the surface with an insulating material and the long-term use of the ground so serious aging,

Will cause poor contact with the workpiece ground.

The use of specialized tools to be ground, and check the ground insulation effect surface contact with the workpiece, to avoid aging ground.

6 does not automatically break arc sparker

Plasma cutting machine work, we must first plasma arc ignition by high-frequency oscillator excitation electrode and between the inner wall of the gas nozzle to produce high-frequency discharge, the gas

Local ionization of the formation of small arc, this small arc by action of compressed air, ejected from the nozzle to ignite a plasma arc, which is the main task sparker. Normal

, The spark generator working time is only 0.5 ~ 1s, the reason is not automatically broken arc is generally offset control circuit board components, discharge electrode spark gap generator

Inappropriate.

Sparker should always check the discharge electrode, so that the surface remains flat discharge adjust sparker electrode gap (0.8 ~ 1.2mm), if need be,

Change control board.

7 Other

In addition to these reasons, the cutting speed is too slow, cutting torch and the workpiece verticality, as well as the operator of the plasma cutting machine familiarity, operational level, etc.

All affect the stability of the plasma arc, the user should pay attention to these areas.

A hydraulic manifold

A hydraulic manifold, it will a group of suction check valve (4), a group of pilot operated check valve, a group of overflow check valve, a pressure relief valve integrated through the stainless steel flange oil passage. It is one-way valve and pressure relief valve with overflow, which with the oil pipe (14) communicated to the pressure control to the desired value. It has a check valve, when the system stops working, the control oil pressure also decreased, while closing the check valve, make parts quickly stop the movement, from the self-locking effect. The utility model has small size, used in hydraulic drive device is easy to install, making stand-alone compact structure.

1, A hydraulic manifold, it mainly consists of housing, oil inlet (1), the oil port (2) as well as oil passageway composition, characterized in that the inlet (1) and the inlet duct (12) was hydraulic manifold communicating state, the inlet duct (12) ends of the two suction check valve (4) in the inlet was communicating state, each of the suction check valve (4) and the oil outlet pipe, respectively, with the pump (13) Movement communicating state, the pump tubing (13) and the oil pipeline (14) was connected state, each of the oil pipeline (14) and check valve (5) is connected to the inlet pass, pilot-operated check valve (5) manifold outlet port and outlet port (2) was connected state, each of the oil pipeline (14) and the overflow check valve (6) is connected to the inlet pass, each overflow check valve (6 ) of the oil port and the overflow pipe (17) connected to pass, each overflow pipe (17) and the pressure relief valve (7) inlet was connected state, the relief npt pipe fittings valve body and the overflow outlet was connected state.

Hydraulic hoses mainly by liquid-resistant inner layer

 Hydraulic hoses mainly by liquid-resistant inner layer, middle layer, 2, 4 or 6 layers wire reinforced layer, outer layer, the inner layer has a transmission medium under pressure to protect the wire from erosion effects outer layer to protect wire from damage, wire layer is a reinforcing material from the enhancement.
Temperature
Oil -30 degrees to 80 degrees; hydraulic flanges air -30 degrees to 50 degrees, the water 0 degrees to 80 degrees.
Media
For hydraulic power transmission or conveying water, gas, oil pressure medium, in order to ensure that the liquid circulation and transmission fluid energy.
Feature
1 Hose special selection made ​​with synthetic rubber with excellent oil resistance, heat aging resistance.
(2) Hose high pressure, pulse performance.
3 tube tightly, use a soft, small deformation under pressure.
4 hose has excellent resistance manifold block around the song and fatigue resistance.
Use
Products are mainly used in hydraulic support mine, oil field exploitation, suitable for construction, lifting transport, metallurgy, forging, mining equipment, ships, injection molding machinery, agricultural machinery, machine tools and various industrial sectors mechanization and automation of hydraulic transmission system has a certain pressure (higher pressure) and temperature based (such as mineral oil, soluble oil, hydraulic oil, fuel oil, lubricating oil) and water-based liquids (such as emulsion, oil-water emulsion, water), and transmission fluid used, the stainless steel flange maximum pressure resistance of up to 60MPa.

Hydraulic fittings and the pipe is connected

Hydraulic fittings and the pipe is connected between the different forms of the main seal
Hydraulic fittings and the pipe is connected between the different forms of sealing, the pressure level range is different, the main sealing structure is as follows:
Card sets of pipe joints in the ferrule conditional (joint body 24 degree taper) of the cases, by external forces into the connector body 24 degrees tapered bore, tapered cut along the radial contraction process, to the tube card sets elastically deformed, and the outer diameter of the tube 24 degrees to form a rigid inner cone surface sealing.
Flared fittings through the union nut (A type with ferrules) and the pipe will be welded together beforehand) hydraulic hose and fittings to take over, the connection will take over the plane compression nut placed on the end surface of the connector body rubber O-ring to form an elastic seal.
Welded pipe joints cone nut directly connected by connecting pipes welded together in advance with 24 degrees cone receivership, will be placed in the cone coupling nut over the rubber O-ring compression fitting body 24 degrees in the inner cone of the cone formed on the elastic seal.
These hydraulic fittings several main seal structure, the next lesson will explain in detail each of the installation and construction fittings.
In a piping system, the pipe diameter indicates that the associated series of the components for other working conditions, other materials and non-standard parts, which allows pressure to be agreed and fittings Manufacturer
Hydraulic pipe fittings manufacturer is standard operating pressure, must ensure that the strength and usefulness of joint sealing and connecting up to 4-fold safety factor. Fittings hose nipples manufacturer nonstandard obligation to verify the pressure tube fittings
Steel hydraulic fittings temperature load performance
Steel hydraulic fittings permissible operating temperature is generally -20 to 120 degrees, the ambient temperature is 40 degrees, according to the corresponding standard production pipe fittings currently no description of low temperature performance at -40 degrees ambient temperature using the hose connections and steel production plant connected to the current production practices have not yet found adversely affected.

How should the correct operation of pipe clamp

Pipe clamp is that people are more familiar with manual tools, but for the initial contact with the pipe wrench operator, but still there will be some usability issues. Such cards are not tight, such as slipping. Pipe clamp pipe clamp manufacturers that master the correct way to use pipe wrench can not only prolong the life and more efficient service for our real life.
Pipe clamp is used to support the hydraulic hose adapters, so the choice of pipe clamp and pipe diameter to match the size, ie pipe clamp specifications should meet the quality production standards. Pipe clamp nozzle size can be adjusted by a nut, and in the use of the time to ensure that the pipe clamp pipe clamp screw firmly stuck in the pipeline, the best hand grip on the bottom of the handle pipe wrench torque to achieve optimal growth labor-saving effect. Pipe clamp is typically used in a clockwise rotation, pipe clamp manufacturers once again reminded of the long arm of the lever when using pipe wrench torque to pay attention to avoid slipping phenomenon.

Pipe Fittings parts are created

Tee is often used in mechanical parts products, but also the fittings necessary parts, as a structure which is widely used in water transfer pipe path.
Tee is very typical of stretch-type parts, tee styling with all the basic method of stretching can be easily created. Extrude feature is described in a section of a sketch, along a specified direction (generally perpendicular to the cross-sectional direction along) hydraulic hose assembly extends a distance characteristic of the formation. Stretching is SolidWorks model is the most common type, with the same cross-section, with a length of entities, such as rectangular, cylindrical and so on can be formed by the tension characteristics.

Take you into the high-pressure pipe fittings elbow World Time

A high pressure elbow Material
Using high quality steel, carbon steel, stainless steel or alloy steel.
Second, the characteristics of high pressure elbow
(1) high pressure elbow with good compressive strength;
(2) high-pressure pipe elbow has good wear resistance;
(3) high-pressure elbow with excellent corrosion and acid-base capability.
(4) High elbow can shorten the manufacturing cycle, the production cost is greatly reduced.
(5) The following material is simple, easy to ensure accuracy, easy assembly and welding.
Third, hydraulic hose and fittings the application of high pressure elbow
High elbow for oil, gas, chemicals, utilities, construction and boiler piping system industries.
Fourth, the high pressure elbow craftsmanship
(1) Welding a polygonal cross-section or a polygonal ring shell closed at both ends of the multi-row fan shell, the internal pressure washed over the media, applying less pressure, including pressure from the polygonal cross-section under the action of becoming round, eventually become a circular ring shells.
(2) a circular ring shells can be cut into 4 90 6 60 high elbow or elbow, or other specifications of the high pressure elbow.

Tube Applications

Building materials industry development prospects
At present, China is already the world's largest producer and consumer of building materials. Main building materials of cement, plate glass, building and sanitary ceramics, stone and wall materials production ranks first in the world for many years. At the same time, continuously improve the quality of building materials, metric hydraulic fittings energy and raw material consumption decreased year by year, a variety of new building materials continue to emerge, building products constantly upgrading. Pipe manufacturer in North China are more Mengcun County, Cangzhou City, Hebei Province which is known as "China pipe capital" is the Chinese tube production and sales of main gathering place, the country has about 70% by the weld fittings are produced in the region, but also China welded pipe fittings export base. "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" Infrastructure investment has been the chess set, roads, railways and other infrastructure construction investment growth and the outbreak of the steady growth of investment in ordinary civil construction, the building industry is in the upward phase of the economy. Meanwhile, in the construction of energy-saving society and the State to strengthen the independent innovation capability in the context of energy efficiency and technological innovation theme will be the development of the industry hot spot.hose fittings  Now plastic pipe fittings and pipe fittings once again set off a boom.

Double loop double loop rotary joint can be divided into fixed and rotary

swivel double loop. Sealing surfaces and seals made ​​of special material, abrasion resistance, long life, corrosion resistance, not leak. Internal seal wear condition by visual appearance of the product that can prevent machine downtime or mechanical damage to the effects of prevention and reduction of losses. There are separate lines, can be used for different working conditions needs to make choices, to maximize effectiveness. Housing and the rotary shaft supported by a precision bearing, rotating the rotary flexible and lightweight, the friction force is small, quick couplings the liquid medium may include water, oil, air, etc., the use of industry wide. Replace seal wear and easy maintenance, do not re-purchase of new products, cost savings.

Liquid multi-channel rotary joint

Loop rotary joint working conditions according to choose connection method. Transmission media work freely chosen according entrance side or rear access. Sealing surfaces and seals made ​​of special material, abrasion resistance, long life, corrosion resistance, not leak. There are two rotary joints internal precision bearings, smooth durable, strong and flexible, the friction coefficient is small, it can speed operation. Internal seal wear condition by visual appearance of the product that can prevent machine downtime or mechanical damage, to achieve the effect of prevention and reduction of losses. Replace seal wear and easy maintenance, do not re-purchase of new products, cost savings. Single-loop series rotary joint: china hydraulic hose a variety of industries to meet domestic demand, the fluid medium water (water), vapor (steam), oil (oil), air (Air), vacuum (vacuum) cutting fluid (coolant), chemical solvents such as toluene .

Standard pipe fittings

Existing national standards
GB/T10752-1995 marine steel welding head
GB/T12772-1999 flexible interface cast iron drainage pipes and fittings
GB / T 8803-2001 rigid PVC injection molding (PVC-U), chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (PVC-C), acrylonitrile - butadiene - styrene copolymer (ABS) and acrylonitrile - styrene - acrylate terpolymer (ASA) tube heat oven test method
GB / T 8802-2001 Thermoplastics pipes and fittings - Determination of Vicat softening temperature
GB / T 18251-2000 polyolefin pipes, hydraulic hose sleeve and compounds pigment or carbon black dispersion measurement method
GB / T 18474-2001 crosslinked polyethylene (PE-X) pipes and fittings - Test methods for crosslinking
GB / T 18475-2001 Thermoplastics pipes and fittings for pressure applications classification and designation - Overall service ( design ) coefficient
GB / T 18742.3-2002 Polypropylene piping systems for hot and cold water - Part 3 : Fittings
GB / T 18991-2003 hot and cold water systems - Thermoplastics pipes and fittings
GB / T 18993.3-2003 cold water chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (PVC-C) piping systems - Part 3 : Fittings
GB / T 18998.3-2003 industrial chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (PVC-C) piping systems - Part 3 : Fittings
GB / T 19228.3-2003 stainless steel press fittings with rubber O-ring
GB / T 19278-2003 Thermoplastics pipes , fittings and valves General terms and their definitions
GB / T 19473.3-2004 cold water polybutylene (PB) piping systems - Part 3 : Fittings
GB / T 12459-2005 steel welded seamless pipe fittings
GB / T 19712-2005 Plastics pipes and fittings - Polyethylene (PE) saddle bypass impact test method
GB 15558.2-2005 Gas Buried Polyethylene (PE) piping systems - Part 2 : Fittings
GB / T 13663.2-2005 water supply polyethylene (PE) piping systems - Part 2 : Fittings
GB / T 19806-2005 Plastics pipes and fittings extruded polyethylene electrofusion assemblies peel test
GB / T 19807-2005 Plastics pipes and fittings PE pipe fittings combined and fused Preparation of test pieces
GB / T 19808-2005 Plastics pipes and fittings of nominal outside diameter greater than or equal to 90mm polyethylene electrofusion assemblies tensile peel test
GB / T 19809-2005 Plastics pipes and fittings polyethylene (PE) pipe / pipe or pipe / fittings Butt component preparation
GB / T 19810-2005 polyethylene (PE) pipes and fittings - Butt joint tensile strength and failure mode of test
GB / T 13401-2005 sheet steel pipe fittings
GB / T 19993-2005 hot and cold water piping systems - Thermoplastics pipes and fittings combined system thermal cycling test methods
GB / T 5836.2-2006 building drainage PVC (PVC-U) pipe fittings
GB / T 15819-2006 china hydraulic hose irrigation with polyethylene (PE) pipe fittings caused by the insertion of environmental stress cracking susceptibility test methods and technical requirements
GB / T 20201-2006 irrigation with polyethylene (PE) pressure pipes mechanical connection fittings
GB / T 20207.2-2006 acrylonitrile - butadiene - styrene (ABS) pressure piping systems - Part 2 : Fittings
GB / T 20674.2-2006 plastic pipes and fittings welding equipment polyethylene systems - Part 2: fused connection
GB / T 20674.1-2006 polyethylene plastic pipes and fittings systems welding equipment - Part 1 : Butt
GB / T 8801-2007 rigid polyvinyl chloride (PVC-U) pipe fittings falling test methods
GB / T 21300-2007 Plastics pipes and fittings - Determination of opacity
GB / T 21409-2008 Glass plant , pipeline and fittings inspection , installation and use of the general rules
GB / T 21408-2008 Glass plant , pipeline and fittings 15mm ~ 150mm diameter pipes and fittings versatility and interchangeability
GB / T 14383-2008 forged socket weld and threaded fittings
GB / T 13295-2008 water and gas pipes with ductile iron pipes, fittings and accessories
GB / T 6567.3-2008 Technical drawings - Graphical symbols for piping systems Pipe Fittings
GB / T 22051-2008 crosslinked polyethylene (PE-X) pipe slip tight sleeve cold expansion fittings
GB / T 6567.5-2008 Technical drawings - Graphical symbols for piping systems piping , fittings and valves Axonometric graphical symbols
GB / T 11618.1-2008 copper fittings - Part 1: brazed fittings
GB / T 12772-2008 flexible interface cast iron drainage pipes, fittings and accessories
GB / T 3420-2008 gray cast iron pipe fittings
GB / T 11618.2-2008 copper fittings - Part 2: compression type fittings
GB / T 23241-2009 irrigation plastic pipes and fittings basic parameters and technical requirements
GB / T 23682-2009 Refrigerating systems and heat pumps hose elements, vibration isolators and expansion joints requirements, design and installation
GB / T 24452-2009 building sewage , waste water ( low and high temperature ) with chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (PVC-C) pipes and fittings
GB / T 17457-2009 ductile iron pipe and fittings cement mortar lining
GB / T 24596-2009 ductile iron pipe and fittings polyurethane coating
GB / T 24672-2009 sprinkler with metal thin-walled tube and pipe fittings
GB / T 5135.19-2010 Automatic sprinkler systems - Part 19 : Plastic pipes and pipe fittings
GB / T 26002-2010 gas transport stainless steel corrugated hoses and fittings
GB / T 26120-2010 pressure stainless steel threaded pipe fittings
GB / T 26081-2010 sewage Ductile iron pipes, fittings and accessories
GB 26255.2-2010 gas polyethylene piping systems for mechanical pipe fittings - Part 2 : Nominal pipe diameter greater than 63mm conversion with steel pipe fittings
GB 26255.1-2010 gas polyethylene piping systems for mechanical pipe fittings - Part 1 : Nominal diameter of the pipe is not greater than 63mm conversion with steel pipe fittings
GB / T 26500-2011 fluorine plastic lined steel pipe, pipe fittings General technical requirements
GB / T 19228.2-2011 stainless steel compression tube assemblies - Part 2 : Connect with thin-walled stainless steel tube
GB / T 19228.1-2011 stainless steel compression fitting assemblies - Part 1 : compression type fittings
GB / T 27684-2011 titanium and titanium alloy seamless and welded pipe fittings
GB / T 27891-2011 Carbon Steel compression fittings

What useful filter hydraulic fittings

 What hydraulic fittings filter useful primarily used too many places , each hydraulic system hydraulic fittings above are to such an accessory filters . With the engine running , the intake is intermittent , causing the air inside the air filter housing vibration , if the air pressure is too volatile , sometimes affect the engine intake . In addition , when it will increase the intake noise . To suppress intake noise , you can increase the volume of the air filter housing , some of which are still arranged baffle to reduce resonance.
  The air cleaner filter element divided into dry and wet filter two kinds . Dry filter paper or non-woven material . In order to increase the air passage area , the filter processing of many small mostly wrinkles . When the filter slightly stained , you can use compressed air to blow , when the filter should be replaced when dirty serious new core . Use a wet sponge -like polyurethane filter class materials, should be equipped with dropping some of the oil, rub evenly, so that absorption of air in the foreign body. If the filter dirty , you can clean the oil used for cleaning , hose adapters excessive fouling should be replaced with new filter. The role of hydraulic fittings cleaner engine in the work process large volumes of air to be sucked into , if the air does not pass through filtration , airborne dust is sucked into the cylinder , the piston group and will accelerate the wear of the cylinder . Larger particles into between the piston and the cylinder will cause serious " cylinder " phenomenon, which in the dry sandy working environment is particularly serious. Air filter installed in the front of the intake manifold or carburetor , air filter played dirt, grit role in ensuring a sufficient amount into the cylinder , clean air .
  Hundreds of thousands of parts in the car , the air filter is a very humble part , because it is not directly related to the technical performance of the car , but the car's actual use, hydraulic hose assembly  air filter has the car ( especially the engine ) have a great impact on the service life . On one hand , if there is no filtration of the air filter , the engine will contain inhalation of dust , particles of the air , resulting in serious wear engine cylinder ; other hand, if in the course of a long time without a maintenance , air filter the filter will clear the air of dust Nianman , which not only makes the filter capacity decreased, but also impede the flow of air , resulting in rich mixture of the engine is not working properly . Therefore , regular maintenance of the air filter is essential, there is no time to be at work to check the hydraulic fittings filter is optimal.

Hydraulic fittings

In addition to the power source, the control section, the executing agency outside of the application of the hydraulic system components, the other is called hydraulic fittings; a complete hydraulic tool system consists of five parts, namely, power components, actuators, control components, auxiliary components and hydraulic oil. The role of the power element is the prime mover of the mechanical energy is converted into a liquid pressure energy, the hydraulic system of the pump means,tube clamp  which provide power to the implementation of the entire hydraulic system components (such as hydraulic cylinders and hydraulic motors) the role of the fluid pressure energy conversion the mechanical energy to drive the load for a reciprocating linear motion or rotary motion; control element (i.e. various hydraulic valves) in the hydraulic system to control and regulate fluid pressure, flow and direction.

Flared fittings andInsert Welded pipe joints

Flared fittings andInsert Welded pipe joints
Using flaring tube ends are sealed, no additional seals. Simple structure, suitable for thin-walled pipe coupling for oil and gas as a medium low pressure pipeline system, which allows the use of pressure are shown in Table 41 Table 27 ~ 41GB5625.1 ~ 5653-1985
Insert Welded pipe joints
Will require the length of tube clamp the tube into fitting until the pipe end in contact with the inner end of tube fittings, tube and pipe joints will be welded into one, eliminating the need to take over, but require strict application of pipe size to oil, gas pipeline system for the medium

Welded pipe joints and ferrule fittings characteristics

Welded pipe joints
Use over and pipe welding. Between the connector body and takes over the O-ring seal. Simple structure, easy to manufacture, sealing, pipe size for less precision. Requires high quality welding, assembly and disassembly inconvenience. Working pressure up to 31.5MPa, operating temperature -25 ~ 80 ℃, as the medium for the oil pipeline system.
Card sets of pipe joints
Stuck pipe deformation using the card sets and sealed, advanced structure, good performance, light weight, metric hydraulic fittings small size, easy to use, widely used in hydraulic systems. Working pressure up to 31.5MPa, required pipe size, high precision, cold drawn steel pipe required. Card sets are also high precision. For oil, gas and general corrosive media pipeline system

Hydraulic valve block to achieve the leading domestic

The development of hydraulic valves, according to Chinese nuclear power plant development of the excellent situation and status of the development of nuclear power valve to achieve rapid development of nuclear power, hydraulic manifold localization, Shenyang Saatchi high pressure valves Ltd. Chief Engineer at Guoliang believes that China's valve business, industry and the state should take measures to address the impact of hydraulic manifold block localization issues:
One as soon as possible complements the hydraulic valve block of the technical standards and specifications. The existing EJ, GB, according to ASME, RCC-M standard complements, in line with national conditions, improve the operability to facilitate domestic nuclear power valve in the design, material selection fabrication, inspection and other aspects can be achieved on the localization.
(2) integration of Chinese valve industry nuclear power valve experiments, detection and identification of the equipment and capabilities, sharing resources, avoid duplication of hydraulic hose sleeve investment redundant construction, speed up the development of nuclear power valve speed.
3. Strengthen personnel training and the introduction of nuclear power technology absorption manifold to improve nuclear power valve design capability and level.
4 increase investment in software and hardware to ensure that the design, manufacture advanced means, spare parts processing and machine assembly and reliable quality.
5. Strengthen welding, non-destructive testing, heat treatment and other special craft personnel training assessment. Research and the use of advanced technology, the parts manufacturing quality standards to meet the design drawings and specifications.
6 nuclear security awareness education and training of workers, strengthen the manifold block design, manufacture whole process of quality management, improve management level.

Manifold and valve member with the combination of research

According to incomplete statistics, in 2011 China's fluid sealing industry above designated size industrial output value of 77.271 billion yuan enterprises, an increase of 21%, of which the hydraulic industry completed 43.62 billion yuan, an increase of 18.47%; pneumatic industry completed 15.046 billion yuan, an increase of 29.60%; sealing industry completed 18.605 billion yuan, an increase of 23.95%. fluid airtight industry 125 key enterprises in 64 hydraulic industry, hydraulic industry 6, pneumatic industry 40, 15 sealing industry, economic efficiency index was 233.56, 226.44 over the same period last year. these key enterprises of the industrial output value of 33.424 billion yuan, an increase of 12.94 percent, of which the output value of 14.171 billion yuan hydraulic enterprises, an increase of 7.72%; hydraulic enterprise value of 533 million yuan, down 4.77%; pneumatic enterprise value of 8.639 billion yuan, an increase of 25.12%; sealing enterprise value of 7.32 billion yuan, hydraulic hose and fittings an increase of 11.14% of the good prospects for development, but also attracted a lot of foreign investment in the industry. According to incomplete statistics, nearly two years fluid sealing industry to invest no less than 30 billion yuan, including construction machinery and other hydraulic hosting industry investment funds accounted for approximately 50% of total investment. Sany, Liugong, Long Engineering , Zoomlion, Shandong Changlin construction machinery and a number of well-known enterprises have invested or hydraulic corporate mergers and reorganizations. China is currently seeking high-end break more than 20 tons of hydraulic excavators used for basic control in the hands of an enterprise that Kawasaki company. Each discussed the matter, sand Bossen are solemnly. Domestic high-end hydraulic manifold block the kinds of situation, has attracted national attention. October 2011, after six months of planning, engineering machinery with high-pressure hydraulic manifold system industrialization and application of the preparatory body established collaborative work platform. Under the guidance of government departments in the industry, driven by the working platform focused on the China Construction hydraulic tube fittings Machinery Industry Association and the China Hydraulics Pneumatics & Seals Association, two associations of superior forces to HMB as a breakthrough, taking manifold and accessories production Gakken a combined form, increased industry consolidation, the establishment of effective docking platform, and strive in the next 3 to 5 years to break China's construction machinery industry hydraulic and other accessories on foreign dependence.

Hose assembly failure analysis

1, symptoms: hose inner tube is very hard, has been cracking.

   Analysis: temperature of the inner tube is easily precipitated plasticizer, which is a flexible hose can be a plastic material. Entrained gas oil oxidation allows the inner tube. Occur in the rubber products such oxidation reactions can be cured. Oxygen and temperature, will greatly accelerate the hardening of the hose tube. Occurred inside the inner tube cavitation also have the same effect.

2, symptoms: hose cracking internally and externally, but the elastic material is still soft at room temperature deflectable.

   Analysis: The likely reason is that the hose when the ambient temperature is very low deflection. Most standard hose is rated to -40 degrees, and some AQP hose rated temperature is -49 degrees, usually military hose rated temperature is -54 degrees, and some thermoplastic hose rated temperature is -54 degrees, poly four vinyl fluoride hose rated temperature is -73 degrees.

3, symptoms: hose rupture, hydraulic hose sleeve peel the outer layer of wire reinforced rubber examination found that the entire length of the hose irregular wire breakage.

   Analysis: This indicates the pressure of the hose in a highly frequent fluctuations. SAE American Automobile Association, the two-story steel braided hose impact testing required at 133% of the recommended operating pressure of up to 200 000 cycles. About four-spiral hose SAE impact test requirements of up to 500 000 cycles. If the number of pulses within the extrapolation in a short time, more than one million times, the best choice for the enhancement layer wound hose.

4, symptoms: hose rupture, but not displayed on the entire length of the hose with multiple wire breakage. May be more than one hose rupture.

   Analysis: This indicates that the pressure has exceeded the minimum burst strength of the hose. Recommended to use higher-strength hose, or hydraulic lines appear hydraulic hose and fittings high pressure conditions can cause malfunction.

Welded pipe joints and ferrule fittings characteristics

Welded pipe joints
Use over and pipe welding. Between the connector body and takes over the O-ring seal. Simple structure, easy to manufacture, sealing, pipe size for less precision. Requires high quality welding, assembly and disassembly inconvenience. Working pressure up to 31.5MPa, operating temperature -25 ~ 80 ℃, as the medium for the oil pipeline system.
Card sets of pipe joints
Stuck pipe deformation using the card sets and sealed, advanced structure, good performance, light weight, small size, easy to use, quick couplings widely used in hydraulic systems. Working pressure up to 31.5MPa, required pipe size, high precision, cold drawn steel pipe required. Card sets are also high precision. For oil, gas and general corrosive media pipeline system

Hose assembly - how the selection

Hose assembly usage affect many factors , only in accordance with the conditions and the correct selection of hose fittings, hose used in order to ensure the reliability and economy. These factors are:
1 , hose size
Hose diameter should be appropriate, too small diameter pipeline will increase the flow rate of the medium , the system heat, reduce efficiency , and will produce excessive pressure drop , affecting the overall system performance , if the hose with hose clamps fixed or wear over steel and other spacers , they should also pay attention to the outside diameter of the hose .
2 , the working pressure
Generally refers to dynamic pressure hose hose in continuous maximum allowable working pressure . In accordance with the provisions of the relevant international standards for hydraulic hose safety factor is generally recommended working pressure of the hose is usually a quarter of the minimum burst pressure values ​​.
3, the impact stress and fatigue life
The selection is based on the hydraulic hose system design maximum pressure value determined . As the hydraulic system pressure value is usually dynamic and sometimes impact pressure , impact pressure peak is much higher than the maximum system pressure. However, the system generally have a relief valve, the impact pressure of the hose will not seriously affect the fatigue life. For particularly frequent shock pressure of the manifold block , suggested the use of particularly resistant to impact pulsation hose products.
4 , the temperature range
Users should be allowed in the hose quality specifications used within a temperature range of hose . If the working environment temperature exceeds this range , it will affect the life of the hose , which will greatly reduce the ability to withstand pressure . Operating ambient temperature is too high or too low, long-term system , we recommend using the hose jacket.
5, the chemical compatibility
If you use special hydraulic medium , users should ensure that their choice of hose assembly hose inner and outer , joints and O-ring compatible with the media.
6 , the bending radius
Bending radius
Meaning :, R is the hose can be bent without damage or shorten the life of the inner circle of the ( minimum ) radius .
For a hose , R value is banjo fitting certain. If the bend radius is less than when using the R value with the textile reinforcing layer is likely to occur hose kinks. Use a spiral wire hose would be better.
7 , the friction
Hose when used usual contact or friction with hard objects , the proposed increase in the external hose spring jacket.

Flange with hydraulic flange

Material: carbon steel, S25C, ASTM A105, 20 #, SGD4K; stainless steel: US304, SUS304L, SUS316, SUS316L, SUS321.
Carbon Product Name: Hydraulic Flange / Hydraulic Square Fflange
Dimensions: 3/8 "to 4"
Pressure Rating: PN10MPa,hydraulic hose sleeve PN16MPa, PN21MPa, PN28MPa, PN35MPa
Connection: FA-LA, FA-HA/HB, FA-SA/SB, FA-YA/YB, FA-ZA/ZB
Hydraulic Flange Material: Carbon steel: S25C, ASTM A105, 20 #, SGD4K; stainless steel: SUS304, SUS304L, SUS316, SUS316L, SUS321
Manufacturing process: cutting, heat treatment, forging, machining
Manufacturing standards: JB/ZQ4187-97, JB/ZQ4485-97, JB/ZQ4486-97, JB/ZQ4487-97, JB/ZQ4488-97, JB/ZQ4489-97
∷ Hydraulic Flange Standard No.
1. JB/ZQ4187-97A-type split high pressure flange;
2. JB/ZQ4187-97B-type split high pressure flange;
3. JB/ZQ4187-97C-type split high pressure flange;
4. JB/ZQ4187-97D-type split high pressure flange;
5. JB/ZQ4187-97E-type split high pressure flange;
6. JB/ZQ4187-97F-type split high pressure flange;
7. JB/ZQ4485-97 high pressure flange;
8. JB/ZQ4486-97 straight flange;
9. JB/ZQ4487-97 angle flange;
10. JB/ZQ4488-97 intermediate flange;
11. JB/ZQ4489-97 flange;
12 convex welded steel flanges (according JB/T82.1-94);
13 welded steel flange dimensions (PN = 6.3Mpa) (JB/ZQ4461-97);
14 welded steel flange dimensions (PN = 10Mpa) (JB/ZQ4462-97);
15 welded steel flange dimensions (PN = 15Mpa) (JB/ZQ4463-97);
16 welded steel flange dimensions (PN = 25Mpa) (JB/ZQ4464-97);
17 welded steel flange dimensions (PN = 31.5Mpa) (JB/ZQ4465-97);
18 welded steel flange dimensions (PN = 40Mpa) (JB/ZQ4466-97);
19 steel plate welded convex flange (according JB/T81-94);
20. Convex steel pipe flange cover (according JB/T86.1-94);
21 convex steel flange cover (PN = 6.3Mpa) (JB/ZQ4483-97);
22 convex steel flange cover (PN = 10Mpa) (JB/ZQ4484-97).

Metal hose adapter

The utility model discloses a metal hose adapter, the adapter body comprises a cylindrical shape; characterized in that: the adapter body is provided with one or more of the screw, the screw with a locking screw; adapter body end of one end of a tailgate, the end of the baffle is provided with a hole, metal hose fittings through the opening to the adapter body. The utility model metal hose adapter, according to the selection of electrical equipment into the cable connector metal hoses and metal china hydraulic hose, metal hose fittings according to the size of the transition metal hose connector panel mounted connector and metal hose, so that the whole system is naturally smooth; transition joints can either press the need to produce at the construction site can also be mass-produced in the factory according to standard parts, with the use of promotional value; cable can extend the life of the cable to effectively prevent injury by external forces leakage and other security incidents generated.

Corrugated metal hose largely by the bellows

Corrugated metal hose pipe body, plays a role in flexible; nets play a strengthened role in shielding; joint plays a role in the connection. For different application requirements, the connection between them in different ways: Bellows, nets and welded joints in the form of three-part connection, called the welded; mechanical clamping connection form, called mechanical clamping type; In addition, there is combined with the above two methods, called hybrid.
      Nets: nets are a number of shares by the cross-cutting wire or metal tape several blossoms woven by a certain sequence, hose assembly set at a predetermined angle of the outer surface of the metal bellows, plays a role in strengthening and shielding. Nets not only share the metal hose in the axial, radial static load, still pulsating fluid flow along the pipe under the conditions of action to ensure the safe and reliable metal hose work, but also can ensure the corrugated hose is not directly part influenced by the relative friction, impact and other aspects of mechanical damage. Woven nets bellows, its strength can be increased ten times to several times. Maximum shielding capacity can reach 99.95%. Network sets the bellows material is generally the same material, but also to the two materials is used in combination. Only a layer of common metal hose nets; special occasions, there are also woven layers, three layers. According to the bellows diameter sizes and the different requirements, it is often a diameter of 0.3 to 0.8 mm in wire or thickness of 0.2 to 0.5 mm to produce the strip. 4 to 15 per wire, strip each tablet one. Currently, the production of steel mesh cover more than 24 stocks, 36 stocks, 48 ​​stocks, 64 stocks, large diameter of the bellows, and 96 shares, 120 shares and 144 shares. In addition to the main weaving nets parameters (wire) the number of shares, wire diameter, (strip) spindles, thickness, there are coverage, weaving away, weaving angle. They are all important decisions based on the performance of metal hose.
       Connector: The role of the first connector is connected nets with bellows as a whole, while another metal hose fittings and metal hoses or other fittings, devices coupled components. It ensures that the medium in the piping system to work properly. Fitting materials are usually the bellows, the same material nets, stainless steel-based multi. To reduce production costs, some of the larger diameter metal hose is not strong in conveying corrosive or non-corrosive media, the joint can be carbon steel; For corrosive media work in case of metal hose fittings, if the design to take appropriate measures to avoid contact with the medium can also be used to produce steel. Joint structure generally divided into spiral, flanged and fast style three categories: 1, Threaded: diameter is 50 mm below the metal hose connector to withstand high working pressure in the case, mostly threaded main thread when tightened after the two connectors on the inner and outer taper surface work closely together to achieve seal. Cone angle is generally 60 degrees, 74 degrees is also useful. The structure, good sealing, but the installation must ensure two countertop concentricity. In order to solve practical engineering often seen repeated demolition, installation and easy concentric and other issues, can also be designed as conical connector mating with the ball. 2, flanged: diameter of 25 mm above the metal hose joint when subjected to the normal working pressure in the case in the main flange disc, which in the form of tongue and groove sealing fit. Rotating a radial direction, but also axially slidable banjo fitting flange looper tension force of the fastening bolts to connect two bodies. This structure sealing performance is good, but difficult process, the sealing surface is easy to bruise. Quick release is required for special occasions, you can tighten the bolts through the holes cut open, made of quick-release flange. 3, courier formula: diameter of 100 mm below the various metal hose fittings, quick loading and unloading of the required conditions of use, generally use fast style. It is commonly used special fluorine plastic or rubber "O" ring seal. When moving the handle after a certain angle, the equivalent of fingers long thread is locked; "O" ring will be kept more tightly, the sealing performance is better. The structure in the fire, Battlefield, and other quick release must be quick occasion is most appropriate. Within a few seconds, without any special tools equipped with, you can open a group or butt joints.

Welded pipe joints

Material : 20 #, 45 #, Q235, 16Mn, 304,304 L, 316,316 L, 321,201 etc.
Manufacturing standards : AK, AKM, ARK, AKS, AAK, GEV, GUV, GOV, GEAM / GEVA, GUR, GUG, GUL, GELM, GELA, DU, SV, WS, TS-T, SKV, TSKV, RI, VSU , GAV, AV, GV, WV, TV, KV, GSV, WSV, ASKB, B / DB, SM / SMR / SMH, SMW / SMT, KO, JB / T 966, JB / T 6381 ~ JB / T 6385, JB / ZQ 4773 ~ JB / ZQ 4782 , etc.
Product Features: Welded pipe joints is a hydraulic fluid power and general use equipment piping systems essential parts. In a hydraulic system, energy from the hydraulic oil through the hydraulic connections and that the tube hose system for delivery. If you put a hydraulic pump compared to a person's heart , then hydraulic tubing is connected vessels ; modern industry requires increasingly higher hydraulic system operating pressure . High-speed operation of hydraulic equipment requirements of hydraulic systems can withstand high voltage pulse , requires Welded pipe joints in the system must withstand higher pressure peaks and vibration energy to guarantee the normal transport . Its failure will cause the pipeline leak ,hydraulic hose and fittings  a serious cause of pipeline rupture. The first oil pipeline environmental laws and regulations is not allowed. More importantly , the modern large-scale mechanized production equipment shall continue to operate in order to ensure production efficiency , basically does not allow non-normal downtime ; General hydraulic oil for Welded pipe joints is not corrosive , so the hydraulic system commonly used carbon steel welded pipe joints , drinking water or purified water should not be used to connect pipes carbon steel welded pipe joints .
        The traditional brass welded joints using compressed air series , because the compressed air carries moisture build-up inside the tube will corrode if welded joints . Chemical equipment, piping conveying a variety of corrosive fluids usually requires frequent washing with solvent or water , so the general chemical piping must be stainless steel . Welded joints in hydraulic systems have different functions : the high pressure , low pressure return line and suction line . Accompanied by high pressure pipeline strong impact and high turbulence , to ensure the seal in this condition . Suction line liquid flow rate is low , in order to ensure the pumps are not subject to cavitation damage , you must select the appropriate connector , hydraulic hose adapters ensure piping exposed to vacuum and to minimize pressure loss. Select welded joints should know nominal pressure hydraulic pipe fittings . PN is a standard parameter and the system is numerically equal to the maximum working pressure .

Hydraulic hose fittings and joints of ordinary differential

The largest and most significant difference is that the hydraulic pressure is great staggering, hydraulic tubing impact of sudden burst of oil is large. I say this certainly can not replace a dedicated with a common connector, because the hydraulic pressure can all be under great pressure, normal pressure up to 0.5 already dying, now we hydraulic tube fittings gap compared to foreign countries too, the hydraulic network of excellence hydraulic session to remind you a lot of friends to communicate the development of China's own hydraulic tube fittings.

12、Steel fittings classification
Steel accessories can be divided into two categories: standard accessories and optional accessory.
Standard accessories is random with accessories. Although sections of the models are not the same as standard, a common standard components are memory and feeder. Of course, for different models, the memory size and the capacity of the cassette is different. Standard configuration of the situation can be understood through Desc. If the lack of a standard configuration, then, to a certain extent affect the use and performance hose fittings of the product.
Optional accessories is the standard configuration, can enhance the product features, improve product performance parts, is the need for additional purchases. And standard configuration, without the optional accessories will not affect the use of the basic functions of the product. Optional accessories for many types of different products to support an optional product is different, so when choosing an optional accessory should review the product description in advance, so can not be used to buy.

pipe clamps range of applications

1, pipe clamps range of applications
Light series pipe clamps used six kinds of size series of ordinary mechanical pressure pipe, pipe diameter 6-57mm.
Double contact folders used five kinds of tube size series of mechanical pressure pipe, pipe diameter 6-42mm.
Heavy series pipe clamps used in 8 sizes range of high mechanical pressure pipe, pipe OD 8-273mm.
2, pipe clamps material properties
Density, bending strength, impact toughness, compression strength, elastic modulus, tensile strength, heat resistance, color
3, pipe clamps installer
Mounted on welded plate before assembly, in order to better determine the direction of the folder, first proposed in a fixed place and marked, after welding on welding, pipe clamps embedded on the lower half of the body, put the pipe to be fixed. Sprinkle half pipe clamp body and lid, tighten screws. Avoid direct welding pipe clamps have been installed base.
Fitted to rail which can be soldered in basis or with screws, then push into orbit within the rail nut and turn 90 degrees, the lower half of the body embedded nut pipe clamps, valve block put the pipe to be fixed, and put on the upper half of the body and the cover clamps, with screws.
Stacked assembly, rails can be welded on the foundation, or with screws, first install the upper and lower half of the pipe clamp body, put put on the pipe to be fixed on the half pipe clip body, with screws through the locking plate prevent it from turning. Then install a second pipe clamps, as above.
The elbow assembly, the assembly of pipe, the pipe should be made directly at the front and rear with Custer pipe clips. Proposed that the support point is at a fixed position.
? 4, pipe clamps classification
????? Material can be divided into: Steel pipe clamps, steel pipe clamps, stainless steel pipe hydraulic hose adapters clamps, pipe clamps and other materials plastic pipe clamps.
???? According to the shape and the North American standard classifications, reference Ningbo Han Lin Electric Co., with a full round of heavy pipe clamps, pipe clamps full circle of light, long head-tube clip in half, short head in half-tube clip, rotate pipe clamps, rotating with felt pipe clamps, J-tube clip

Hose Cutting Machine - Cutting Machine Readme

I. Overview
DM300-type hose cutting machines, the company is cutting the light of foreign advanced technology, combined with the actual cutting characteristics, development and design of new products. The core of the product use imported dedicated slice slices, cut the tube with stiffness, thermal deformation, pipe cutting fast, low wear, cut free of debris. A balanced feed system, so that the cutting force more evenly. Unique buffering mechanism, so that the cutting process more stable, socketless fitting more secure. The product is suitable for cutting all kinds of wire diameter 55mm less preparation hose, steel wire spiral hose, Gabe tube, thread pipe, hose repair is, the manufacturer equipped with the ideal equipment.
Second, the main technical parameters
Dimensions: 650 × 410 × 425mm
Voltage: 380V 50Hz
Power: 3Kw
Maximum cutting diameter: Φ55 mm
Slice: Φ300 × 3 × Φ32 mm
Weight: 70Kg
Third, the operating instructions
(1) Turn on the power and check the direction of rotation of the dicing sheet direction indicated by the arrow. (Non-inverted)
(2) According to the size of the diameter to be cut, adjust the positioning bolt. Appear inclined to avoid being cut diameter or clip, Kartchner film phenomenon.
(3) Place the tubes are cut, push the feed handle, complete the cutting process.

Metal hose adapter

The utility model discloses a metal hose adapter, the adapter body comprises a cylindrical shape; characterized in that: the adapter body is provided with one or more of the screw, the screw with a locking screw; adapter body end of one end of a tailgate, the end of the baffle is provided with a hole, metal hose fittings through the opening to the adapter body. The utility model metal hose adapter, according to the selection of electrical equipment into the cable connector metal hoses and metal hydraulic hose sleeve  metal hose fittings according to the size of the transition metal hose connector panel mounted connector and metal hose, so that the whole system is naturally smooth; transition joints can either press the need to produce at the construction site can also be mass-produced in the factory according to standard parts, with the use of promotional value; cable can extend the life of the cable to effectively prevent injury by external forces leakage and other security incidents generated.

five-point fiber laser cutting machine tips

 1) dual-focus laser cutting machine laser cutting head is fragile items on the long-term use, resulting in damage to the laser cutting head.

    2) every six months to check the fiber laser cutting machine rail straightness and machinery verticality, abnormal findings timely maintenance debugging. Did not do this, it is possible

Cutting out the effect is not how good, the error will increase, affecting the cutting quality. This is the most important and must be done.

    3) Once a week hydraulic manifold siphoning off the machine with a vacuum cleaner dust and dirt, all electrical cabinets should be closed tightly and dust.

    4) Always check the fiber laser cutting machine steel, ensures a certain tension. Otherwise, a problem in the operation, it is possible it will hurt people, but also result in serious

Deaths. Strip seemingly small things, the problem is still a little serious.

    5) fiber laser cutting machine each rail should be cleaned regularly to remove dust and other debris to ensure normal rack to regular cleaning, lubricating, lubrication without guarantee

Debris. Rails should always be cleaned and the oil, there is the motor should be cleaned frequently and lubricate the machine in the road will be better able to walk,

More accurate cut, teflon hose cut out of the product quality will be improved.

    Use these five points above technique is used in the actual situation summed up in bit by bit, with high maneuverability. Of course, the natural and skills with the actual situation

There are still some differences, when in use but also on the actual situation, everything from reality.

buy laser cutting machine laser tube need to pay attention to what issues

Generally, laser cutting machine manufacturers in the procurement of the laser tube, pay attention to the following questions:

1, the laser tube life: laser tube laser cutting machine as consumables, life is the most important indicator of the user when purchasing. Differences in life are caused by processing station

Art and design techniques on two factors.
2, the laser energy: different properties of the laser tube, there are differences between the maximum light intensity.

3, the beam quality: hose fittings The quality of the spot of laser cutting machine affects the performance.

4 Stability: poor performance of the laser tube products, prone to leakage, non-security issues such as external burst.

In addition, the laser tube must be in good condition with circulating water, while supporting the required reliability of the laser power to achieve reliable attention wiring insulation.

various types of CNC cutting machine features and their applications

CNC flame cutting machine, cutting carbon steel having a large thickness cutting capacity, cutting costs low, but there is large deformation cutting, cutting accuracy is not high, and the cutting speed

Low, warm-up time cutting, piercing a long time, more difficult to adapt to the need for fully automated operation. Its major applications are limited to carbon steel, large thickness of the sheet metal cutting, in

, A thin steel plate cutting will be gradually replaced plasma cutting.

CNC plasma cutting machines, plasma cutting with a cutting width of the field, all the sheet metal can be cut, cutting speed, high efficiency, cutting speeds up to

10m/min or more. Plasma banjo fitting cutting underwater cutting to eliminate the noise generated, dust, harmful gases and arc pollution effectively improve the workplace environment

. The precise plasma cutting has made close to the laser cutting cutting quality level, with the high-power plasma cutting technology matures, cutting thickness exceeds 100mm, Extension

Wide CNC plasma cutting machine cutting range.

CNC laser cutting machine, with cutting speed, high precision, laser cutting machine is expensive, cutting the high cost, only suitable for sheet metal cutting, precision to

Requirements of the occasion,

CNC Waterjet cutting machine for cutting any material (metal, nonmetal, composite materials), high precision cutting, no thermal deformation, environmentally friendly

The cutting mode. Its disadvantage is that cutting speed is slow, inefficient and high cost cutting.

Other CNC cutting machine: including CNC pipe cutting machine, CNC steel cutting machine, CNC bevel cutting machine, CNC woodworking cutting machine, cutting equipment master these dedicated

Special profiles to be used in a variety of CNC cutting, small manufacturers on the market.

Trends
With modern machinery industry development, the quality of the cut, the accuracy requirements continue to increase, to improve production efficiency, reduce production costs, with high intelligence

Automatic cutting function requirements are also improved. CNC cutting machine development must be adapted to the modern machinery industry development.

1, the development of CNC cutting machine. CNC cutting machine from several common application point of view, CNC flame cutting machine function and performance have been more perfect, the material cutting

Limitations (only cut steel plate), the cutting speed is slow, the production efficiency is low, gradually narrowing the scope of its application, there can be a large increase in the market.

Plasma cutting machine split flanges with cutting a wide range (can be cut all metal materials), cutting speed, high working efficiency, the future direction of development lies in plasma

Sub power technology improved, CNC plasma cutting system with problems, such as electrical power upgrade can be cut thicker plates; precision plasma technology improved and mention

High cutting speeds can be increased, cut quality and cutting accuracy; CNC system to adapt to improve and enhance plasma cutting, which can effectively improve work efficiency and cutting quality

.

cutting machine operating procedures

A cutting preparation

(A), must be carefully checked before using the device's performance, to ensure the integrity of the various components.

(Two), power knife switch, saw the tightness of the blade guard or safety baffles detailed examination, console must be stable, night work should be sufficient

Illumination.

(Three), before use, first china hydraulic hose open the master switch, load test turn laps, to be confirmed safe and correct before allowed to start.

(Four), the operator must check before power is conventional with the power tool matches the voltage rating 220VA, 380VA received in order to avoid the wrong power source.

Second, cutting considerations

(A), cutting machines are doing and not only to keep a clear head, but also to rational operating a power tool. Prohibited tired, drunk or taking excitement

, Drugs operate after cutting.

(Two), the power supply lines must be safe and reliable, is strictly prohibited without permission Luanla, carefully place the power cord, do not be cut off. Must be carefully checked before using the equipment performance, indeed

Paul parts intact.

(Three), wear appropriate clothing, do not wear loose clothing, not wearing jewelry or long hair, is strictly prohibited without wearing gloves and cuff buckle and operation.

(Four), the processing of the workpiece must be clamped firmly prohibited workpiece clamping is not tight to start cutting.

(Five), is prohibited in the wheel plane workpiece grinding burr grinding wheel to prevent fragmentation.

(Six), the operator must deviate cutting grinding wheel front and goggles.

(Seven), prohibited the use of already crippled grinding wheel, cutting should be to prevent Mars scattered and away from flammable materials.

(Eight), clamping the banjo fitting workpiece should be stable and secure clamping, shields must be installed correctly, after clamping air operation should start checking, without vibration and abnormal noise.

(Nine), halfway replaced with new cutting disc or grinding wheel piece, do not tighten the nut with excessive force, preventing blade or grinding wheel crack accidents.

(Ten), must be stable grip cutter handle evenly vertical incision, and the fixed end to be solid and reliable.

(Eleven), shall not attempt to cut saws unclamped small workpiece or with a serious edge profiles.

(Twelve), in order to improve work efficiency. Together for single or multi-branch sawing, be sure to do a good job supporting fixture positioning.

(Thirteen), shall not carry powerful sawing operation, before cutting to reach full speed until the motor speed can be.

(Fourteen), allow anyone to stand behind saws, power failure, rest or leave the work place, immediately turn off the power.

(Fifteen), the blade may not stop on the workpiece from a saw or a hand or loosen any lift arm.

(Sixteen), shall not be operated when the guard is not in place, can not put your hands away from the blade 15 cm or less. Not lean over or bypassing saw, when operating body 45 degrees Xiece

Appropriate.

(Seventeen), appear to have unusual sounds, immediately stop checking; repair or replacement of parts must be cut off before the power and other blade has completely stopped.

(Eighteen), the use of cutting machine, such as when working in wet places, must stand on dry insulating mats or on the board. Ascend or explosion and other hazardous areas must

Should take the safety precautions.

(Nineteen), shakes and other equipment failures, should immediately stop repair, prohibited ill and taking stimulants and drink operations, operations are forbidden to wear gloves.

If during operation will cause dust, wear a mask or face shield.

(Twenty) process should be finished off, and make cleaning equipment and surrounding venues.

Hose Cutting Machine - Cutting Machine Readme

I. Overview
DM300-type hose cutting machines, the company is cutting the light of foreign advanced technology, combined with the actual cutting characteristics, development and design of new products. The core of the product use imported dedicated slice slices, cut the tube with stiffness, thermal deformation, pipe cutting fast, low wear, hydraulic hose adapters cut free of debris. A balanced feed system, so that the cutting force more evenly. Unique buffering mechanism, so that the cutting process more stable, more secure. The product is suitable for cutting all kinds of wire diameter 55mm less preparation hose, steel wire spiral hose, Gabe tube, thread pipe, hose repair is, the manufacturer equipped with the ideal equipment.
Second, the main technical parameters
Dimensions: 650 × 410 × 425mm
Voltage: 380V 50Hz
Power: 3Kw
Maximum cutting diameter: Φ55 mm
Slice: Φ300 × 3 × Φ32 mm
Weight: 70Kg
Third, the operating instructions
(1) Turn on the power and check the direction of rotation of the dicing sheet direction indicated by the arrow. (Non-inverted)
(2) According to the size of the diameter to be cut, adjust the positioning bolt. Appear inclined to avoid socketless fitting being cut diameter or clip, Kartchner film phenomenon.
(3) Place the tubes are cut, push the feed handle, complete the cutting process.

Metal hose adapter

The utility model discloses a metal hose adapter, the adapter body comprises a cylindrical shape; characterized in that: the adapter body is provided with one or more of the screw, the screw with a locking screw; adapter body end of one end of a tailgate, the end of hydraulic hose sleeve the baffle is provided with a hole, metal hose fittings through the opening to the adapter body. The utility model metal hose adapter, according to the selection of electrical equipment into the cable connector metal hoses and metal hose fittings, metal hose fittings according to the size of the transition metal hose connector panel mounted connector and metal hose, so that the whole system is naturally smooth; transition joints can either press the need to produce at the construction site can also be mass-produced in the factory according to standard parts, with the use of promotional value; cable can extend the life of the cable to effectively prevent injury by external forces leakage and other security incidents generated.

cutting machine classification range of applications

cutting machine classification range of applications
Cutting Machine Image

Cutting machine to distinguish from the cutting material is divided into metal and nonmetal materials cutting machine cutting machine.

Metal cutting machine into flame cutting machine, plasma cutting machine, laser cutting machine, waterjet cutting machines;

Nonmetallic material cutting machine cutting machine tools mainly.

Cutter way to manifold block distinguish from the control is divided into CNC cutting machine and manual cutting machines.

CNC cutting machine is to use the digital process-driven machine movement, with the machine movement, the cutting tool with a random distribution of the object to be cut. This mechatronic

Of the cutting machine it is called CNC cutting machine.

Laser cutting machine is efficient fastest, highest precision cutting, cutting thickness is generally small. Plasma cutting machine cutting speed quickly, cutting surfaces have a certain slope.

Flame cutting machine for carbon steel in thicknesses greater.

Applications
Cutting machine application of metal and nonmetal industry, in general, non-metallic SECTOR rather meticulous cutting stone like a stone cutting machine, water jet cutting machine, serrated cut

Cutting machines, cutting fabric and plastic, chemical products used in laser cutting machine, cutting machine blade, cutting metal materials are flame cutting machines, plasma cutting machine, flame cutting

Machine inside was divided CNC cutting machine, and manual two categories, the categories are manually, small car, semi-automatic, pure manual, CNC there, gantry CNC cutting machine, cantilever CNC

Cutting machine, desktop CNC cutting machine, CNC intersecting line cutting machine and so on!

Cost
The most expensive laser cutting machine is the highest accuracy and efficiency a high-tech cutting equipment, waterjet cutting machine, followed by flame cutting machine is also relatively cost again bottom

, Plasma cutting machine using the lowest cost (calculated per piece)!

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Outlook

Generally CNC flame hydraulic hose and fittings cutting machines, plasma cutting machine holds a large part of the user, and later fine plasma, laser cutting will replace the former, as the main

Stream cutting machines, because they are environmentally friendly, cutting speed, cutting quality is good!